ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021
High incidence of human brucellosis in a rural Pastoralist community in Kenya, 2015.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Etiologies of community-acquired febrile illness identified by TaqMan Array Card qPCR on blood samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Seroprevalence, associated risk factors, and molecular detection of Brucella spp. in cattle, sheep, goats and humans in Mvomero district, Morogoro, Tanzania.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Seroincidence of Brucella spp. infection among humans and livestock in a pastoralist setting in Northern Kenya.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Design of a Prospective Human-Animal Cohort Study to Evaluate the Role of Camels and Other Livestock Species in the Transmission ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Integrated Surveillance for Human and Animal Brucellosis in Kenya: A Predictive Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Integrating Ethnography and Structural Equation Modelling to Assess Brucellosis Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among Pastoralist Communities in Kenya.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Development of a Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for the Serological Diagnosis of Sheep and Bovine Brucellosis.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests for Brucellosis in Humans and Animals: A Meta-Analytical Approach.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based prediction model for chronic brucellosis: a multi-feature approach using clinical and laboratory data.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence of brucellosis among high-risk individuals in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Brucellosis in Small Ruminants of Rural and Peri-Urban Areas of Multan, Pakistan.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2024Article
- Article
- Seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and Rift Valley fever virus among slaughterhouse workers in Isiolo County, northern Kenya.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Unravelling potential biomarkers for acute and chronic brucellosis through proteomic and bioinformatic approaches.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Human brucellosis in Baringo County, Kenya: Evaluating the diagnostic kits used and identifying infecting Brucella species.PloS one · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Study of Selected Bacterial Zoonoses in Small Ruminants in Tana River County, Kenya.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Brucellosis testing patterns at health facilities in Arusha region, northern Tanzania.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- Prevalence of brucellosis in livestock keepers and domestic ruminants in Baringo County, Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence of human brucellosis among the tribal and non-tribal population residing in an eastern state of India: Findings from the state-wide serosurvey.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrucellosis occurs globally with highly variable incidence in humans from very low in North America and Western Europe to high in the Middle East and Asia. There are few data in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study estimated the incidence of human brucellosis in a pastoralist community in Kenya.
methodsBetween February 2015 and January 2016, we enrolled persons living in randomly selected households in Kajiado County. Free health care was offered at three facilities in the study area. Those who met the study clinical case definition completed a standardized questionnaire on demographics, clinical history and presentation. A blood sample was collected and tested by Rose Bengal test (RBT), then later tested at the Kenya Medical Research Institute laboratory for Brucella IgG and IgM by ELISA. Those who tested positive by both RBT and ELISA (IgG or IgM antibodies) were classified as confirmed while those that only tested positive for IgG or IgM antibodies were classified as probable. Further, sera were tested by polymerase chain reaction using a TaqMan Array Card (TAC) for a panel of pathogens causing AFI including Brucella spp. Annual incidence of brucellosis was calculated as the number of confirmed cases in one year/total number in the study population.
resultsWe enrolled a cohort of 4746 persons in 804 households. Over half (52.3%) were males and the median age was 18 years (Interquartile range (IQR) 9 months- 32 years). A total of 236 patients were enrolled at three health facilities; 64% were females and the median age was 40.5 years (IQR 28-53 years). Thirty-nine (16.5%) were positive for Brucella antibodies by IgG ELISA, 5/236 (2.1%) by IgM ELISA and 4/236 (1.7%) by RBT. Ten percent (22/217) were positive by TAC. We confirmed four (1.7%) brucellosis cases giving an annual incidence of 84/100,000 persons/year (95% CI 82, 87). The incidence did not significantly vary by gender, age and location of residence.
conclusionWe report a high incidence of brucellosis in humans among members of this pastoralist community. Brucellosis was the most common cause of febrile illness in this community.
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