ArticleScience advances2021
3D printing of highly stretchable hydrogel with diverse UV curable polymers.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed.
- Soft Yet Tough Tanglemers Through Rapid Photopolymerization for DLP 3D Printing.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- 3D Printing of Magnetic Soft Materials for Functional Structures and Devices.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Novel Non-Cytotoxic Acylphosphinates and Acylphosphine Oxides Photoinitiators.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Ultrasoft, adhesive, pH-tunable hydrogel based on in situ functionalized laser-induced graphene for through-hair concurrent biosensing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Tetrahydroxy Diboron-Enabled 3D-Printable Bioactive Hydrogel Scaffolds for Accelerated Repair of Vaginal Defects.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Tissue-bioelectronics interfaces.Chemical Society reviews · 2026Review
- Bioprinting of live platelet-loaded nerve conduit using energy-dissipative hydrogel.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Recent progress in the preparation and environmental applications of functionalized adsorbent hydrogel: a review.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Design and Application of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for 4D Printing: A Review of Adaptive Materials in Engineering.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multifaceted mechanical responsive metamaterials: Mechanisms, fabrications, and applications.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Integrated 3D Printing of Liquid Metal and Elastomer for Soft Robots and Electronics.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Review 3D-Printed hydrogels for tissue engineering: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- The 3D Printing of Flexible Materials: Technologies, Materials, and Challenges.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Strong living scaffolds for load-bearing musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Quantitative stress and damage mapping in multiple network elastomers using a single mechanophore.Nature communications · 2025Article
- All-3D-Printed Multi-Environment Modular Microrobots Powered by Large-Displacement Dielectric Elastomer Microactuators.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Modular magnetic microrobot system for robust endoluminal navigation and high-radial force stent delivery in complex ductal anatomy.Science advances · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional shrinking electronics on freestanding and freeform curvilinear surfaces.Science advances · 2025Article
- Augmented 3D Printing for Multiscale Microphysiological Systems.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Gel-Gel Interface Engineering for the Synthesis of Anisotropic Hydrogels with Designable Polymer Orientations.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hydrogel-polymer hybrids have been widely used for various applications such as biomedical devices and flexible electronics. However, the current technologies constrain the geometries of hydrogel-polymer hybrid to laminates consisting of hydrogel with silicone rubbers. This greatly limits functionality and performance of hydrogel-polymer-based devices and machines. Here, we report a simple yet versatile multimaterial 3D printing approach to fabricate complex hybrid 3D structures consisting of highly stretchable and high-water content acrylamide-PEGDA (AP) hydrogels covalently bonded with diverse UV curable polymers. The hybrid structures are printed on a self-built DLP-based multimaterial 3D printer. We realize covalent bonding between AP hydrogel and other polymers through incomplete polymerization of AP hydrogel initiated by the water-soluble photoinitiator TPO nanoparticles. We demonstrate a few applications taking advantage of this approach. The proposed approach paves a new way to realize multifunctional soft devices and machines by bonding hydrogel with other polymers in 3D forms.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.