Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33523408›Full record

SynthesisNeuropsychology review2021

A Comprehensive Meta-analysis on Short-term and Working Memory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.

Ari Alex Ramos, Liana Machado

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neuropsychology review, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  8. Attention/Working Memory and Executive Function in Parkinson's Disease: Review, Critique, and Recommendations.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ari Alex RamosDepartment of Psychology, University of Otago, William James Building, 275 Leith Walk, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand. arialex.r@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-7117-9728
Liana MachadoDepartment of Psychology, University of Otago, William James Building, 275 Leith Walk, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-0856-3831

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A previous meta-analysis demonstrated short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM) dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, considerable research on the topic that calls into question the extent of such impairments in PD has since been published. The aim of the present quantitative review was to provide the largest statistical overview on STM and WM dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD), while simultaneously providing novel insights on moderating factors of effect size heterogeneity in PD. The systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Scopus and Web of Science databases allowed us to estimate 350 effect sizes from 145 empirical studies that reported STM and WM scores for patients with PD against healthy controls. The outcomes indicated general dysfunction in the visuospatial domain and poor verbal WM in PD. Subgroup analyses suggested that mild cognitive impairment is associated with STM and WM difficulties in PD. Furthermore, meta-regression analyses revealed that disease duration accounted for more than 80% of the visuospatial STM effect size variance (β = 0.136, p < .001, R

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionParkinson DiseaseHumansMemory DisordersMemory, Short-TermNeuropsychological TestsDopamineExecutive functionLevodopaMild cognitive impairmentVerbal memoryVisuospatial memory

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.