ReviewJournal of translational autoimmunity2021
Disruption of CCR5 signaling to treat COVID-19-associated cytokine storm: Case series of four critically ill patients treated with leronlimab.
Review in Journal of translational autoimmunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- CCR5 Receptor Occupancy Analysis Reveals Increased Peripheral Blood CCR5+CD4+ T Cells Following Treatment With the Anti-CCR5 Antibody Leronlimab.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Chemokine receptor type-5: a key regulator of immunity, disease pathogenesis, and emerging therapeutic target.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- NK Cells: A Powerful Squad Versus SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Tripartite motif 22 (TRIM22) downregulates TLR3-induced CCL5 expression in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- COVID-19 infection and pulmonary sarcoidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of morbidity, severity and mortality.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- 5-HTJournal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Progress in structure-based drug development targeting chemokine receptors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
- Efficacy of Telerehabilitation Protocols for Improving Functionality in Post-COVID-19 Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Peripheral and Organ Perfusion's Role in Prognosis of Disease Severity and Mortality in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- A New Laboratory Tool for COVID-19 Severity Prediction, CENIL Score.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Non-Conventional Prognostic Markers in Life-Threatening COVID-19 Cases-When Less Is More.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Immune Response ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Immune characteristics of kidney transplant recipients with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by COVID-19 at single-cell resolution.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Inhibition of Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid-Induced Acute Pulmonary Inflammation and NF-κB Activation in Mice by a Banana Plant Extract.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- CCR5/CXCR3 antagonist TAK-779 prevents diffuse alveolar damage of the lung in the murine model of the acute respiratory distress syndrome.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Therapeutics: Use, Mechanism of Action, and Toxicity (Vaccines, Monoclonal Antibodies, and Immunotherapeutics).Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2023Review
- An overview on the treatments and prevention against COVID-19.Virology journal · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The number of confirmed cases of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19 continues to escalate with over 70 million confirmed cases and over 1.6 million confirmed deaths. Severe-to-critical COVID-19 is associated with a dysregulated host immune response to the virus, which is thought to lead to pathogenic immune dysregulation and end-organ damage. Presently few effective treatment options are available to treat COVID-19. Leronlimab is a humanized IgG4, kappa monoclonal antibody that blocks C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5). It has been shown that in patients with severe COVID-19 treatment with leronlimab reduces elevated plasma IL-6 and chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and normalized CD4/CD8 ratios. We administered leronlimab to 4 critically ill COVID-19 patients in intensive care. All 4 of these patients improved clinically as measured by vasopressor support, and discontinuation of hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation. Following administration of leronlimab there was a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 observed in patient A (p=0.034) from day 0-7 and patient D (p=0.027) from day 0-14. This corresponds to restoration of the immune function as measured by CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio. Although two of the patients went on to survive the other two subsequently died of surgical complications after an initial recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.