Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33519817›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020

Macrophage Plasticity in Reproduction and Environmental Influences on Their Function.

Megan Chambers, April Rees, James G Cronin, Manju Nair, Nicholas Jones, Catherine A Thornton

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  9. Large number of CD68Medical molecular morphology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Megan ChambersInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.
April ReesInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.
James G CroninInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.
Manju NairMaternity and Child Health, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom.
Nicholas JonesInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.
Catherine A ThorntonInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Macrophages are key components of the innate immune system and exhibit extensive plasticity and heterogeneity. They play a significant role in the non-pregnant cycling uterus and throughout gestation they contribute to various processes underpinning reproductive success including implantation, placentation and parturition. Macrophages are also present in breast milk and impart immunomodulatory benefits to the infant. For a healthy pregnancy, the maternal immune system must adapt to prevent fetal rejection and support development of the semi-allogenic fetus without compromising host defense. These functions are dependent on macrophage polarization which is governed by the local tissue microenvironmental milieu. Disruption of this microenvironment, possibly by environmental factors of infectious and non-infectious origin, can affect macrophage phenotype and function and is linked to adverse obstetric outcomes, e.g. spontaneous miscarriage and preterm birth. Determining environmental influences on cellular and molecular mechanisms that control macrophage polarization at the maternal-fetal interface and the role of this in pregnancy complications could support approaches to alleviating adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Indexed as

Cellular MicroenvironmentAnimalsCell PlasticityEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleHumansMacrophagesPhenotypePlacentaPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPregnancy OutcomeReproductionRisk FactorsSignal TransductionEnvironmental Pollutantsair pollutionbreast milkimmunometabolisminfectionmacrophage plasticityobesityplacentauterus

Identifiers

PMID33519817
PMCPMC7840613

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.