ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020
Cognitive Performance in Early-Onset Schizophrenia and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 25-Year Follow-Up Study.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early versus adult onset of schizophrenia: an examination of premorbid and current IQ.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Decreased levels of platelet-derived growth factor subtypes and superoxide dismutase isoenzymes in early-onset schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Predictors of Adaptive Functioning in Emerging Adults with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Why clinical neuropsychology matters in schizophrenia care.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Review
- The role of prefrontal-hippocampal functional connectivity in schizophrenia-related cognitive dysfunction and the thalamic ventral midline involvement:Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review Exploring Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Patients with Early Psychosis.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Motion and Form Perception in Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia.Pediatric reports · 2024Article
- Iowa Gambling Task performance in individuals with schizophrenia: the role of general versus specific cognitive abilities.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Study of Alerting, Orienting, and Executive Control Attentional Networks in Bilingual and Monolingual Primary School Children: The Role of Socioeconomic Status.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Childhood executive functions and ADHD symptoms predict psychopathology symptoms in emerging adults with and without ADHD: a 10-year longitudinal study.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- Domain-specific cognitive course in schizophrenia: Group- and individual-level changes over 10 years.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2022Article
- Thalamic Shape Abnormalities Differentially Relate to Cognitive Performance in Early-Onset and Adult-Onset Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Cognitive functioning in a group of adolescents at risk for psychosis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Associations of Neurocognition and Social Cognition With Brain Structure and Function in Early-Onset Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early-Onset Schizophrenia (EOS) and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are early- onset neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cognitive deficits. The current study represents the first attempt to compare these groups on a comprehensive cognitive test battery in a longitudinal design over 25 years in order to enhance our knowledge of particular patterns resulting from the interaction between normal maturational processes and different illness processes of these disorders. In the baseline study, 19 adolescents with schizophrenia were compared to 20 adolescents with ADHD and 30 healthy controls (HC), all between 12 and 18 years of age. After 13 years (T2) and after 25 years (T3) they were re-evaluated with the cognitive test battery. A cognitive Composite Score was used in a linear mixed model. The EOS group had a significant cognitive stagnation or deterioration from T1 to T2 compared to HC. However, the EOS group had the most positive change from T2 to T3, supporting a stable level of cognitive performance over the 25 year span. The ADHD group improved or had similar development as the HC group from T1 to T2. They continued to improve significantly compared to the HC group from T2 to T3. Individuals in the EOS group performed more impaired on the cognitive composite score compared to the HC group and the ADHD group at all three time points. Results might indicate a neurodevelopmental pathway of EOS with subnormal cognitive development specific in adolescence. In comparison, the ADHD group had a more consistent cognitive maturation supporting a maturational delay hypothesis of ADHD.
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