Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33519512›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in physiology2020

Diffusion Entropy vs. Multiscale and Rényi Entropy to Detect Progression of Autonomic Neuropathy.

Herbert F Jelinek, Rohisha Tuladhar, Garland Culbreth, Gyanendra Bohara, David Cornforth, Bruce J West, Paolo Grigolini

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. From visibility graphs to cognition.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Heartbeat signature for predicting motor and non-motor involvement among nonparkinsonian LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Biophotons: New Experimental Data and Analysis.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Herbert F JelinekHealth Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Rohisha TuladharDepartment of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Garland CulbrethCenter for Nonlinear Science, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
Gyanendra BoharaThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
David CornforthApplied Informatics Research Group, Faculty of Science and IT, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Bruce J WestOffice of the Director, Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United States.
Paolo GrigoliniCenter for Nonlinear Science, The University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
University of North Texas · USKhalifa University of Science and Technology · AEOffice of the Director · USThe University of Texas at San Antonio · USThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · USUniversity of Newcastle Australia · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We review the literature to argue the importance of the occurrence of crucial events in the dynamics of physiological processes. Crucial events are interpreted as short time intervals of turbulence, and the time distance between two consecutive crucial events is a waiting time distribution density with an inverse power law (IPL) index μ, with μ < 3 generating non-stationary behavior. The non-stationary condition is characterized by two regimes of the IPL index: (a) perennial non-stationarity, with 1 < μ < 2 and (b) slow evolution toward the stationary regime, with 2 < μ < 3. Human heartbeats and brain dynamics belong to the latter regime, with healthy physiological processes tending to be closer to the border with the perennial non-stationary regime with μ = 2. The complexity of cognitive tasks is associated with the mental effort required to address a difficult task, which leads to an increase of μ with increasing task difficulty. On this basis we explore the conjecture that disease evolution leads the IPL index μ moving from the healthy condition μ = 2 toward the border with Gaussian statistics with μ = 3, as the disease progresses. Examining heart rate time series of patients affected by diabetes-induced autonomic neuropathy of varying severity, we find that the progression of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) indeed shifts μ from the border with perennial variability, μ = 2, to the border with Gaussian statistics, μ = 3 and provides a novel, sensitive index for assessing disease progression. We find that at the Gaussian border, the dynamical complexity of crucial events is replaced by Gaussian fluctuation with long-time memory.

Indexed as

autonomic neuropathycomplexitycrucial eventsdiffusion entropymultiscale entropyRényi entropy

Identifiers

PMID33519512
PMCPMC7841429
OpenAlexW3118532839

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.