ArticleEthnicity & disease2021
The Influence of Health Insurance Stability on Racial/Ethnic Differences in Diabetes Control and Management.
Article in Ethnicity & disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Health Insurance Coverage on Diabetes Care Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in U.S. Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- When Covering and Discovering Are at Odds: How the Logic of US Health Insurance Undercuts the Promise and Equity of Precision Medicine for People with Hereditary Cancer Risks.Journal of health politics, policy and law · 2026Article
- Does health insurance coverage improve cardiometabolic risk factor levels? Quasi-experimental evidence from India.Global health action · 2025Article
- Intersection of Gender-Race/Color and Glycemic Control in Diabetes in Nine Years of Follow-up of the ELSA-Brazil Cohort.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Factors associated with sleep duration in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly diabetic population: a cross-sectional study.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Insurance Instability Among Community-Based Health Center Patients with Diabetes Post-Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2025Article
- Adapting the NIMHD Research Framework for Type 2 Diabetes-Related Disparities.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- Atrial fibrillation in Black American patients: A review of genetics, risk factors, and outcomes.Heart rhythm · 2025Review
- Accountable care organization changes in equity of ambulatory care quality by patient race and ethnicity, 2019-2022.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- Launching Financial Incentives for Physician Groups to Improve Equity of Care by Patient Race and Ethnicity.The Milbank quarterly · 2024Article
- The association between variability of risk factors and complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Healthcare cost coverage inequality and its impact on hypertension and diabetes: A five-year follow-up study in a Malaysian rural community.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Realizing the potential of social determinants data in EHR systems: A scoping review of approaches for screening, linkage, extraction, analysis, and interventions.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Decision Making and Blood Sugar Indicators in Older African American Adults.Journal of aging and health · 2023Article
- A study of factors influencing long-term glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes: a structural equation modeling approach.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Definitions of successful aging among middle-aged Latinas residing in a rural agricultural community.PloS one · 2023Article
- Diabetes Control During Massachusetts Insurance Reform.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Article
- Racial disparities in triple negative breast cancer: toward a causal architecture approach.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2022Article
- Examining Health Inequities in A1C Control over Time across Individual, Geospatial, and Geopolitical Factors among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analyses of a Sample from One Commercial Insurer in a Southern State.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: This study examined whether health insurance stability was associated with improved type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) control and reduced racial/ethnic health disparities. Methods: We utilized electronic medical record data (2005-2013) from two large, urban academic health systems with a racially/ethnically diverse patient population to examine insurance coverage, and three DM outcomes (poor diabetes control, A1c ≥8.0%; very poor diabetes control A1c >9.0%; and poor BP control, ≥ 130/80 mm Hg) and one DM management outcome (A1c monitoring). We used generalized estimating equations adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, site of care, education, and income. Additional analysis examined if insurance stability (stable public or private insurance over the six-month internal) moderates the impact of race/ethnicity on DM outcomes. Results: Nearly 50% of non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had private insurance coverage, compared with 33.5% of NH Blacks, 31.5% of Asians, and 31.1% of Hispanics. Overall, and within most racial/ ethnic groups, insurance stability was associated with better glycemic control compared with those with insurance switches or always being uninsured, with uninsured NH Blacks having significantly worse BP control. More NH Black and Hispanic patients had poorly controlled (A1c≥8%) and very poorly controlled (A1c>9%) diabetes across all insurance stability types than NH Whites or Asians. The interaction between insurance instability and race/ethnic groups was statistically significant for A1c monitoring and BP control, but not for glycemic control. Conclusion: Stable insurance coverage was associated with improved DM outcomes for all racial / ethnic groups, but did not eliminate racial ethnic disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.