ArticleSensors and actuators. B, Chemical2021
Paper biosensors for detecting elevated IL-6 levels in blood and respiratory samples from COVID-19 patients.
Article in Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of the advancement on colorimetric nanobiosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection.Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis · 2023Pooled it
- Advances and Challenges in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Review
- Transforming cytokine diagnostics: AI, multiplexing, and point-of-care biosensing technologies.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Emerging Biomarkers and Nanobiosensing Strategies in Diabetes.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Plasmonic Geometry-Induced Viscoelastic Biocomplex Formation with Optical Concealment, Liquid Slips, and Soundscapes in Bioassays.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Clinical Markers and Diagnostics for Diagnosing Cerebral Infarction.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Hierarchical Au@Pt nanoparticle/amino benzoic acid polymer-based hybrid material for labeled and label-free detection of interleukin-6: a comparative assessment.Mikrochimica acta · 2024Article
- Optical Detection of Interleukin-6 Using Liquid Janus Emulsions Using Hyperthermophilic Affinity Proteins.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Sustainable Sensing with Paper Microfluidics: Applications in Health, Environment, and Food Safety.Biosensors · 2024Review
- Optical Nanosensor Passivation Enables Highly Sensitive Detection of the Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Advancement in COVID-19 detection using nanomaterial-based biosensors.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2023Review
- Assessment of Immune Status Using Inexpensive Cytokines: A Literature Review and Learning Approaches.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Improved cytometric analysis of untouched lung leukocytes by enzymatic liquefaction of sputum samples.Biological procedures online · 2022Article
- Smart Immunosensors for Point-of-Care Serological Tests Aimed at Assessing Natural or Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Immunity.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Research Progress and Future Trends of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices in In-Vitro Diagnosis.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Gold Nanoparticle-Mediated Lateral Flow Assays for Detection of Host Antibodies and COVID-19 Proteins.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Smartphone-Based Platforms for Clinical Detections in Lung-Cancer-Related Exhaled Breath Biomarkers: A Review.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Rapid diagnosis of COVID-19RSC advances · 2022Review
- Smartphone-Based Biosensor Devices for Healthcare: Technologies, Trends, and Adoption by End-Users.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Improving the Quantification of Colorimetric Signals in Paper-Based Immunosensors with an Open-Source Reader.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Decentralizing COVID-19 care reduces contagions and affords a better use of hospital resources. We introduce biosensors aimed at detecting severe cases of COVID-19 in decentralized healthcare settings. They consist of a paper immunosensor interfaced with a smartphone. The immunosensors have been designed to generate intense colorimetric signals when the sample contains ultralow concentrations of IL-6, which has been proposed as a prognosis biomarker of COVID-19. This is achieved by combining a paper-based signal amplification mechanism with polymer-filled reservoirs for dispensing antibody-decorated nanoparticles and a bespoken app for color quantification. With this design we achieved a low limit of detection (LOD) of 10
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.