Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33517891›Full record

ReviewTranslational neurodegeneration2021

Advances in retina imaging as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Ying Zhang, Yanjiang Wang, Ce Shi, Meixiao Shen, Fan Lu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Translational neurodegeneration, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Retinal sublayer changes in cases with Alzheimer's disease and depression.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Article
  8. Observational
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  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Complement in brain and eye disease: shared mechanisms, convergent pathologies, and common therapeutic opportunities.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Diabetic retinopathy and Alzheimer's disease: Convergence of the unfolded protein response in neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  19. Cerebral Amyloid Deposition WithHuman brain mapping · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ying ZhangSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
Yanjiang WangDepartment of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
Ce ShiSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
Meixiao ShenSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325027, China. smx77@sohu.com.ORCID 0000-0002-4297-962X
Fan LuSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325027, China. lufan@mail.eye.ac.cn.
Wenzhou Medical University · CNArmy Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive impairments and constitutes a major social burden. Currently, the invasiveness and high costs of tests have limited the early detection and intervention of the disease. As a unique window of the brain, retinal changes can reflect the pathology of the brain. In this review, we summarize current understanding of retinal structures in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and preclinical AD, focusing on neurodegeneration and microvascular changes measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) technologies. The literature suggests that the impairment of retinal microvascular network and neural microstructure exists in AD, MCI and even preclinical AD. These findings provide valuable insights into a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and demonstrate that retinal changes are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD and monitoring of disease progression.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseBiomarkersCognitive DysfunctionEarly DiagnosisHumansMiddle AgedRetinaBiomarkersAlzheimer’s diseaseBiomarkersIn vivo imagingMild cognitive impairmentOptical coherence tomographyOptical coherence tomography angiographyRetina

Identifiers

PMID33517891
PMCPMC7849105
OpenAlexW3127715864

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.