Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33517667›Full record

ArticleCirculation2021

Gestational Diabetes History and Glucose Tolerance After Pregnancy Associated With Coronary Artery Calcium in Women During Midlife: The CARDIA Study.

Erica P Gunderson, Baiyang Sun, Janet M Catov, Mercedes Carnethon, Cora E Lewis, Norrina B Allen, Stephen Sidney, Melissa Wellons, Jamal S Rana, Lifang Hou and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Circulation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
15.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Erica P GundersonDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (E.P.G., S.S.).
Baiyang SunDepartments of OB/GYN and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA (B.S., J.M.C.).
Janet M CatovDepartments of OB/GYN and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA (B.S., J.M.C.).
Mercedes CarnethonDepartment of Epidemiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.C., N.B.A., L.H.).
Cora E LewisDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (C.E.L.).
Norrina B AllenDepartment of Epidemiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.C., N.B.A., L.H.).
Stephen SidneyDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (E.P.G., S.S.).
Melissa WellonsVanderbilt University, Memphis, TN (M.W., J.J.C.).
Jamal S RanaDivision of Research, Department of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (J.S.R.).
Lifang HouDepartment of Epidemiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.C., N.B.A., L.H.).
John Jeffrey CarrVanderbilt University, Memphis, TN (M.W., J.J.C.).
Kaiser Permanente · USNorthwestern University · USUniversity of Memphis · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

University of Alabama at Birmingham's Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Stuart J Frank · 2013 to 2026
$19.5M
Longitudinal Changes in Pericardial Adiposity and Subclinical AtherosclerosisR01HL098445 · NHLBI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI CARR, JOHN JEFFREY · 2010 to 2013
$4.6M
VASCULAR CALCIUM--AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDYR01HL048050 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI MAHONEY, LARRY T · 1992 to 2004
$3.0M
Lactation and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in CARDIA WomenR01DK090047 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GUNDERSON, ERICA PAULINE · 2011 to 2014
$2.7M
Pregnancy-Related Risk Factors and Glucose Intolerance in Women during MidlifeR01DK106201 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GUNDERSON, ERICA PAULINE · 2015 to 2018
$2.7M
Pregnancy and Risk Factors for CVD and Type 2 DiabetesK01DK059944 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GUNDERSON, ERICA PAULINE · 2002 to 2006
$640k
STUDY CORONARY HEART DISEASE RISK IN YOUNG ADULTSN01HC048050 · HC · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SIDNEY, STEPHEN · 1985 to 2000
$102k
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800003INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800004INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800005INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800006INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800007INHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC048050NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK059944NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK090047NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGestational diabetes (GD) leads to earlier onset and heightened risk of type 2 diabetes, a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear whether attaining normoglycemia can ameliorate the excess CVD risk associated with GD history. This study sought to evaluate GD history and glucose tolerance after pregnancy associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in women, a manifestation of atherosclerotic CVD and a predictor of CVD clinical events.

methodsData were obtained from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults), a US multicenter, community-based prospective cohort of young Black (50%) and White adults aged 18 to 30 years at baseline (1985-1986). The sample included 1133 women without diabetes at baseline, who had ≥1 singleton births (n=2066) during follow-up, glucose tolerance testing at baseline and up to 5 times during 25 years (1986-2011), GD status, and CAC measurements obtained from 1 or more follow up examinations at years 15, 20, and 25 (2001-2011). CAC was measured by noncontrast cardiac computed tomography; dichotomized as Any CAC (score>0) or No CAC (score=0). Complementary log-log models for interval-censored data estimated adjusted hazard ratios of CAC and 95% confidence intervals for GD history and subsequent glucose tolerance groups (normoglycemia, prediabetes, or incident diabetes) on average 14.7 years after the last birth adjusted for prepregnancy and follow-up covariates.

resultsOf 1133 women, 139 (12.3%) reported GD and were 47.6 years of age (4.8 SD) at follow-up. CAC was present in 25% (34/139) of women with GD and 15% (149/994) of women with no GD. In comparison with no GD/normoglycemia, adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) were 1.54 (1.06-2.24) for no GD/prediabetes and 2.17 (1.30-3.62) for no GD/incident diabetes, and 2.34 (1.34-4.09), 2.13 (1.09-4.17), and 2.02 (0.98-4.19) for GD/normoglycemia, GD/prediabetes, and GD/incident diabetes, respectively (overall

conclusionsWomen without previous GD showed a graded increase in the risk of CAC associated with worsening glucose tolerance. Women with a history of GD had a 2-fold higher risk of CAC across all subsequent levels of glucose tolerance. Midlife atherosclerotic CVD risk among women with previous GD is not diminished by attaining normoglycemia.

Indexed as

CalciumCohort StudiesCoronary VesselsDiabetes, GestationalFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansMiddle AgedPregnancyProspective StudiesRisk FactorsCalciumatherosclerosiscalciumcardiovascular diseasediabetes mellitus, type 2diagnostic imaginggestational diabetesglucose tolerancepregnancywomen

Identifiers

PMID33517667
PMCPMC7940578
OpenAlexW3127693441

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.