Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33517438›Full record

ArticleJournal of pediatric psychology2021

Sleep and Psychological Difficulties in Italian School-Age Children During COVID-19 Lockdown.

Nicola Cellini, Elisa Di Giorgio, Giovanna Mioni, Daniela Di Riso

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pediatric psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
16.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Emotions in Times of Pandemic Crisis among Italian Children: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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  16. Sleep During the Pandemic.Sleep medicine clinics · 2023
    Review
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  18. Sleep Disturbances and Mental Well-Being of Preschool Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. COVID-19 Pandemic: 1-Year Follow-Up in Children and Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Nicola CelliniDepartment of General Psychology.
Elisa Di GiorgioDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova.
Giovanna MioniDepartment of General Psychology.
Daniela Di RisoDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova.
University of Padua · ITInspire · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveOn March 10, 2020, the Italian Government ordered a national lockdown to limit the viral transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 infections. This study investigated how these restrictive measures have impacted sleep quality, timing, and psychological difficulties in school-age children and their mothers during the lockdown.

methodsIn an online survey, 299 mothers reported their sleep habits, experience of time, and psychological difficulties as well as those of their children (6-10 years old) during and, retrospectively, before the lockdown.

resultsDuring the lockdown, children showed a marked delay in sleep timing-that is, later bedtime and rise time-and a mild worsening in sleep quality. They were less prone to respect daily routines or to keep track of the passage of time. They showed increased emotional, conduct, and hyperactive symptoms, and the increase in these psychological difficulties was predicted by the change in sleep quality, boredom, and mothers' psychological difficulties. In addition, mothers showed a delayed sleep timing and worsening of sleep quality during the lockdown, in varying degrees depending on their working conditions. Mothers who kept working regularly outside their homes during lockdown reported more regular sleep patterns, whereas mothers who stopped working showed more emotional symptoms and relevant changes in their perception of time.

conclusionsOverall, given the evidence of the adverse behavioral and psychological impact of home confinement and social restrictions, effective measures needed to be in place to mitigate long-term effects on children and their mothers, especially those who have had to stop working during lockdown.

Indexed as

COVID-19ChildCommunicable Disease ControlFemaleHumansItalyRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2SchoolsSleepbehavior problemshealth behaviormental healthparent psychological functioningpublic healthsleep

Identifiers

PMID33517438
PMCPMC7928801
OpenAlexW3127244499

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.