Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33516178›Full record

ArticleBMC medical imaging2021

Non-local means based Rician noise filtering for diffusion tensor and kurtosis imaging in human brain and spinal cord.

Zhongping Zhang, Dhanashree Vernekar, Wenshu Qian, Mina Kim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Zhongping Zhang *Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Dhanashree Vernekar *Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Wenshu QianDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Mina KimDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. mina.kim@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-9779-4414
MRC Prion Unit · GBNational Institute on Aging · USPhilips (China) · CNUniversity of Hong Kong · HK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo investigate the effect of using a Rician nonlocal means (NLM) filter on quantification of diffusion tensor (DT)- and diffusion kurtosis (DK)-derived metrics in various anatomical regions of the human brain and the spinal cord, when combined with a constrained linear least squares (CLLS) approach.

methodsProspective brain data from 9 healthy subjects and retrospective spinal cord data from 5 healthy subjects from a 3 T MRI scanner were included in the study. Prior to tensor estimation, registered diffusion weighted images were denoised by an optimized blockwise NLM filter with CLLS. Mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK), axial kurtosis (AK), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD) and fractional anisotropy (FA), were determined in anatomical structures of the brain and the spinal cord. DTI and DKI metrics, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and Chi-square values were quantified in distinct anatomical regions for all subjects, with and without Rician denoising.

resultsThe averaged SNR significantly increased with Rician denoising by a factor of 2 while the averaged Chi-square values significantly decreased up to 61% in the brain and up to 43% in the spinal cord after Rician NLM filtering. In the brain, the mean MK varied from 0.70 (putamen) to 1.27 (internal capsule) while AK and RK varied from 0.58 (corpus callosum) to 0.92 (cingulum) and from 0.70 (putamen) to 1.98 (corpus callosum), respectively. In the spinal cord, FA varied from 0.78 in lateral column to 0.81 in dorsal column while MD varied from 0.91 × 10

conclusionsOur results show a Rician denoising NLM filter incorporated with CLLS significantly increases SNR and reduces estimation errors of DT- and KT-derived metrics, providing the reliable metrics estimation with adequate SNR levels.

Indexed as

AdultBrainCorpus CallosumDiffusion Tensor ImagingFemaleGyrus CinguliHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedInternal CapsuleMaleNoiseProspective StudiesPutamenReference ValuesRetrospective StudiesSpinal CordDiffusion kurtosis imagingDiffusion tensor imagingHuman brainHuman cervical spinal cordRician noise filter

Identifiers

PMID33516178
PMCPMC7847150
OpenAlexW3108645597

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.