ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Children Following In Utero Exposure to Zika in Nicaragua.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortical Auditory Neural Responses to Speech and Communicative Functioning in Normocephalic Children With Prenatal Exposure to the Zika Virus.Ear and hearing · 2026Article
- Interferon lambda signaling to maternal dendritic cells protects against congenital Zika virus infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neurodevelopment in preschool children exposed and unexposed to Zika virus in utero in Nicaragua: a prospective cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopmental assessment of normocephalic children born to Zika virus exposed and unexposed pregnant people.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Outcomes up to age 36 months after congenital Zika virus infection-U.S. states.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Normocephalic Children Exposed to Maternal Zika Virus Infection Do Not Have a Higher Risk of Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities around 24 Months of Age than Unexposed Children: A Controlled Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Visual findings in children exposed to Zika in utero in Nicaragua.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Diminished antiviral innate immune gene expression in the placenta following a maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Article
- Antibody Immunity to Zika Virus among Young Children in a Flavivirus-Endemic Area in Nicaragua.Viruses · 2023Article
- Article
- Neurodevelopmental outcome of infants without central nervous system anomalies born to symptomatic RT-PCR ZIKV positive women.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Observational
- Neurocognitive impact of Zika virus infection in adult rhesus macaques.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- ADAR Editing in Viruses: An Evolutionary Force to Reckon with.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Review
- Zika Virus Infection of PregnantJournal of virology · 2021Article
- Pregnancy, Birth, Infant, and Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among a Cohort of Women with Symptoms of Zika Virus Disease during Pregnancy in Three Surveillance Sites, ProjectTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Neonatal Development in Prenatally Zika Virus-Exposed Infant Macaques with Dengue Immunity.Viruses · 2021Article
- Developmental assessment of children with intrauterine exposure to Zika virus: cross-sectional observational study.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publicaObservational
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeurodevelopmental outcomes of asymptomatic children exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) in utero are not well characterized.
methodsWe prospectively followed 129 newborns without evidence of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) up to 24 months of age. Participants were classified as ZIKV exposed or ZIKV unexposed. The Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) was administered in the participants' homes at 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months of age by trained psychologists. Sociodemographic data, medical history, and infant anthropometry at birth were collected at each home visit. Our primary outcome was the Mullen Early Learning Composite Score (ECL) at 24 months of age between our 2 exposure groups. Secondary outcomes were differences in MSEL subscales over time and at 24 months.
resultsOf 129 infants in whom exposure status could be ascertained, 32 (24.8%) met criteria for in utero ZIKV exposure and 97 (75.2%) did not. There were no differences in maternal age, maternal educational attainment, birthweight, or gestational age at birth between the 2 exposure groups. The adjusted means and standard errors (SEs) for the ELC score between the ZIKV-exposed children compared to ZIKV-unexposed children were 91.4 (SE, 3.1) vs 96.8 (SE, 2.4) at 12 months and 93.3 (SE, 2.9) vs 95.9 (SE, 2.3) at 24 months. In a longitudinal mixed model, infants born to mothers with an incident ZIKV infection (P = .01) and low-birthweight infants (<2500 g) (P = .006) had lower composite ECL scores.
conclusionsIn this prospective cohort of children without CZS, children with in utero ZIKV exposure had lower neurocognitive scores at 24 months.
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