Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33515133›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2021

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance among community pharmacists: a cross sectional study in Jordan.

Rula M Darwish, Ghaida N Baqain, Hala Aladwan, Lina M Salamah, Rahaf Madi, Rama M Al Masri

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Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Bridging knowledge and practice: Antimicrobial Stewardship by community pharmacists in New Zealand.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Pharmacies and use of antibiotics: a cross sectional study in 19 Arab countries.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Community pharmacists as antimicrobial resistance stewards: a narrative review on their contributions and challenges in low- and middle-income countries.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rula M DarwishDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. rulamdarwish@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-676X
Ghaida N BaqainDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Hala AladwanDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Lina M SalamahDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Rahaf MadiDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Rama M Al MasriSchool of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
University of Jordan · JO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Antibiotic resistance is a global threat and burden on healthcare systems. One major factor contributing to this problem is inappropriate use of antibiotics, which comprises suboptimal use, misuse, abuse, and dispensing errors. Another important factor is dispensing antibiotics without medical prescription. Many studies considered pharmacists as healthcare providers accountable for this malpractice. Objectives To investigate community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in relation to antibiotic dispensing, antibiotic resistance and antibiotic stewardship. Setting Community pharmacists selected from different areas in Amman/Jordan. Subjects were selected based on their availability and accessibility. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists was conducted between May to October 2019, using a structured, validated, and pilot-tested questionnaire. A four-part systematic survey consisting of biography, knowledge, practice and attitude domains was used. Main outcome measure community pharmacist knowledge, practices and attitudes regarding antibiotic use and resistance. Results Of 150 community pharmacists approached, 114 completed and returned the questionnaire (response rate 76%). More than 83.3% perceived antimicrobial resistance as a global problem. A substantial percentage (59.7%) educate patients about issues of inappropriate antibiotics use. Almost half the participants (44.7%) agreed that implementing antimicrobial stewardship would result in better outcomes. Conclusion It is crucial to improve the curriculum in schools of pharmacy, emphasizing on interprofessional education and developing customized interventions. Regulations on dispensing antibiotics without prescription should be enforced. Policy makers need to implement antimicrobial stewardship and encourage the use of public educational interventions in community pharmacy.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesPharmacistsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCross-Sectional StudiesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansJordanAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceAntimicrobial stewardshipCommunity pharmacyKnowledgePractice

Identifiers

PMID33515133
OpenAlexW3123581168

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.