Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33514936›Full record

ArticleNature chemistry2021

Mechanochemical bond scission for the activation of drugs.

Shuaidong Huo, Pengkun Zhao, Zhiyuan Shi, Miancheng Zou, Xintong Yang, Eliza Warszawik, Mark Loznik, Robert Göstl, Andreas Herrmann

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 96 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Forces in mechanically interlocked materials.Chemical Society reviews · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Size-Dependent Ultrasound Activation of Thrombin Catalytic Activity by Mechano-Nanoswitches.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  12. Modulating a Massive Set of Biomolecular Structures by Sono-Mechanical Force.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shuaidong Huo *Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-044X
Pengkun Zhao *DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany.
Zhiyuan Shi *DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6232-2329
Miancheng ZouDWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany.
Xintong YangDWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany.
Eliza WarszawikZernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Mark LoznikDWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany.
Robert GöstlDWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany. goestl@dwi.rwth-aachen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7483-6236
Andreas HerrmannDWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany. herrmann@dwi.rwth-aachen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-0894

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pharmaceutical drug therapy is often hindered by issues caused by poor drug selectivity, including unwanted side effects and drug resistance. Spatial and temporal control over drug activation in response to stimuli is a promising strategy to attenuate and circumvent these problems. Here we use ultrasound to activate drugs from inactive macromolecules or nano-assemblies through the controlled scission of mechanochemically labile covalent bonds and weak non-covalent bonds. We show that a polymer with a disulfide motif at the centre of the main chain releases an alkaloid-based anticancer drug from its β-carbonate linker by a force-induced intramolecular 5-exo-trig cyclization. Second, aminoglycoside antibiotics complexed by a multi-aptamer RNA structure are activated by the mechanochemical opening and scission of the nucleic acid backbone. Lastly, nanoparticle-polymer and nanoparticle-nanoparticle assemblies held together by hydrogen bonds between the peptide antibiotic vancomycin and its complementary peptide target are activated by force-induced scission of hydrogen bonds. This work demonstrates the potential of ultrasound to activate mechanoresponsive prodrug systems.

Indexed as

Activation, MetabolicDisulfidesDrug Delivery SystemsHeLa CellsHumansHydrogen BondingMacromolecular SubstancesMolecular StructurePeptidesPolymersProdrugsUltrasonic WavesDisulfidesMacromolecular SubstancesPeptidesPolymersProdrugs

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.