ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2021
Racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes through 1 year of life in infants born prematurely: a population based study in California.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Race and Ethnicity of Infants Enrolled in Neonatal Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Parental Views of Facilitators and Barriers to Research Participation: Systematic Review.Pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- "Actionable" risk for preterm birth: patterns and prediction in California singleton births 2016-2020.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- The Role of Ethnicity and Migration in Perinatal Inequalities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Differences in healthcare resource utilization by race/ethnicity among moderate to late preterm infants with respiratory distress Syndrome, Northern California.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Factors associated with enrollment in a randomized clinical trial of docosahexaenoic supplementation in toddlers born preterm.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 1-Year Mortality.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Childhood Differences in Healthcare Utilization Between Extremely Preterm Infants and the General Population.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gaps, Successes, and Opportunities Related to Social Drivers of Health from the Perspectives of Black Preterm Infant Caregivers: A Qualitative Study.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Outpatient Respiratory Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Children During the First 3 Years of Life.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Parent and staff focus groups to address NICU racial inequities: "There's radical optimism in that we're in a different time and we're not doing it alone".Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Social and Financial Costs of Neonatal Intestinal Failure.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Social Vulnerability and Pregnancy Option Counseling in the Setting of Periviable Delivery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Social needs and healthcare utilization in NICU graduates.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Associations of PMPediatric pulmonology · 2024Article
- Resuscitation, survival and morbidity of extremely preterm infants in California 2011-2019.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Unconditional cash transfers for preterm neonates: evidence, policy implications, and next steps for research.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2024Article
- Place-Based Strategies Addressing Neighborhood Environments to Improve Perinatal and Preterm Infant Outcomes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Associations of neighborhood social vulnerability with emergency department visits and readmissions among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
- Structural racism is associated with adverse postnatal outcomes among Black preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate racial/ethnic differences in rehospitalization and mortality rates among premature infants over the first year of life. STUDY
designA retrospective cohort study of infants born in California from 2011 to 2017 (n = 3,448,707) abstracted from a California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development database. Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier tables and logistic regression controlling for health and sociodemographic characteristics were used to predict outcomes by race/ethnicity.
resultsCompared to White infants, Hispanic and Black early preterm infants were more likely to be readmitted; Black late/moderate preterm (LMPT) infants were more likely to be readmitted and to die after discharge; Hispanic and Black early preterm infants with BPD were more likely to be readmitted; Black LMPT infants with RDS were more likely to be readmitted and die after discharge.
conclusionsRacial/ethnic disparities in readmission and mortality rates exist for premature infants across several co-morbidities. Future studies are needed to improve equitability of outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.