Trial reportBMJ global health2021
Effect of a home-visiting parenting program to promote early childhood development and prevent violence: a cluster-randomized trial in Rwanda.
Trial report in BMJ global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness Trial of a Family Home Visiting Intervention to Promote Early Child Development Among Families Served by the Social Protection System in Rwanda
Understanding Longer-term Effects of a Father-engaged, Play-based Home Visiting Intervention to Promote Early Childhood Development and Prevent Violence in Rwanda: The Sugira Muryango Longitudinal & Spillover Study
Testing an mHealth Digital Dashboard to Improve Quality of Delivery of Evidence-based Interventions That Promote Family Mental Health and Functioning in Rwanda: A Hybrid Type 3 Study
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Strengthening Early Childhood Development Programs and Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review of Interventions.Maternal & child nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Father-Focused Interventions to Prevent or Reduce Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Early Parenthood: A Systematic Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of father-inclusive interventions on maternal, paternal, couples, and early child outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Pooled it
- Positive Parenting and Early Childhood Cognition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Do health education initiatives assist socioeconomically disadvantaged populations? A systematic review and meta-analyses.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Implementation characteristics of father-inclusive interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Implementation of UNICEF and WHO's care for child development package: Lessons from a global review and key informant interviews.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of cash-plus programmes on early childhood outcomes compared to cash transfers alone: A systematic review and meta-analysis in low- and middle-income countries.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Risk and protective factors of depression among caregivers of children with disabilities in rural Rwanda.BMJ global health · 2026Trial
- Effects of Engaging Fathers and Bundling Nutrition and Parenting Interventions on Child Nutrition Outcomes and Related Parent Behaviors in Rural Tanzania: Results From EFFECTS, a Five-Arm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2026Trial
- Blended Delivery of a Primary Care Parenting Program for Child Development: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Exploring outcomes between single and dual caregiver households participating in a parenting and family strengthening intervention in Rwanda: the case of Sugira Muryango.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Four-year follow-up to a home-visiting intervention to promote early childhood development and prevent family violence in rural Rwanda: the Sugira Muryango cluster randomised trial.BMJ global health · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Task-sharing to promote caregiver mental health, positive parenting practices, and violence prevention in vulnerable families in Sierra Leone: a pilot feasibility study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Effects of Two Early Parenting Programmes on Child Aggression and Risk for Violence in Brazil: a Randomised Controlled Trial.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Trial
- "Him Leaving Me - That is My Fear Now": A Mixed Methods Analysis of Relationship Dissolution Between Ugandan Pregnant and Postpartum Women Living with HIV and Their Male Partners.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Maternal depression, alcohol use, and transient effects of perinatal paraprofessional home visiting in South Africa: Eight-year follow-up of a cluster randomized controlled trial.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Trial
- Evaluation of a community health worker home visit intervention to improve child development in South Africa: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2023Trial
- Supporting parenting among Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a randomized controlled trial of the caregiver support intervention.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionFamilies living in extreme poverty require interventions to support early-childhood development (ECD) due to broad risks. This longitudinal cluster randomised trial examines the effectiveness of Sugira Muryango (SM), a home-visiting intervention linked to Rwanda's social protection system to promote ECD and reduce violence compared with usual care (UC).
methodsFamilies with children aged 6-36 months were recruited in 284 geographical clusters across three districts. Cluster-level randomisation (allocated 1:1 SM:UC) was used to prevent diffusion. SM was hypothesised to improve child development, reduce violence and increase father engagement. Developmental outcomes were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) and the Malawi Development Assessment Tool (MDAT) and anthropometric assessments of growth. Violence was assessed using questions from UNICEF Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS) and Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). Father engagement was assessed using the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment. Blinded enumerators conducted interviews and developmental assessments.
resultsA total of 541 SM families and 508 UC families were enrolled and included in the analyses. Study attrition (2.0% children; 9.6% caregivers) was addressed by hot deck imputation. Children in SM families improved more on gross motor (d=0.162, 95% CI 0.065 to 0.260), communication (d=0.081, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.156), problem solving (d=0.101, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.179) and personal-social development (d=0.096, 95% CI -0.015 to 0.177) on the ASQ-3. SM families showed increased father engagement (OR=1.592, 95% CI 1.069 to 2.368), decreased harsh discipline (incidence rate ratio, IRR=0.741, 95% CI 0.657 to 0.835) and intimate partner violence (IRR=0.616, 95% CI:0.458 to 0.828). There were no intervention-related improvements on MDAT or child growth.
conclusionSocial protection programmes provide a means to deliver ECD intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02510313.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.