ArticleBMC neurology2021
The influence of the CRS-R score on functional outcome in patients with severe brain injury receiving early rehabilitation.
Article in BMC neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting outcome in disorders of consciousness: A mega-analysis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Pooled it
- The Neurological Rehabilitation of Adults With Coma and Disorders of Consciousness.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Guideline
- Prognostic factors in prolonged disorders of consciousness: a narrative review.Reviews in the neurosciences · 2026Review
- Predictors of successful decannulation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness and tracheostomy.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Blink reflex as a prognostic indicator for patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness: a prospective case-control study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Methylphenidate in Patients With Brain Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain & NeuroRehabilitation · 2025Article
- Predictors of Recovering Full Consciousness: Results From a Prospective Multisite Italian Study.European journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Altered Mental Status at the Extreme: Behavioral Evaluation of Disorders of Consciousness.Seminars in neurology · 2024Review
- Recovery of consciousness after acute brain injury: a narrative review.Journal of intensive care · 2024Review
- Prognosis of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness after brain injury: a longitudinal cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of residual cognition in patients with disorders of consciousness based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Neurophotonics · 2023Article
- Machine learning and network analysis for diagnosis and prediction in disorders of consciousness.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Clinical application of recommendations for neurobehavioral assessment in disorders of consciousness: an interdisciplinary approach.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- Redefining a minimal rehabilitation assessment protocol for severe acquired brain injuries.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2022Article
- Stimulation-related modifications of evolving functional brain networks in unresponsive wakefulness.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Monitoring Eye Movements Depending on the Type of Visual Stimulus in Patients with Impaired Consciousness Due to Brain Damage.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Pulmonary infection in traumatic brain injury patients undergoing tracheostomy: predicators and nursing care.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- One-year outcome of brain injured patients undergoing early neurological rehabilitation: a prospective observational study.BMC neurology · 2022Observational
- Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Patients With Minimally Conscious State.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Detection of residual consciousness using EEG indicators related to rectal perception: protocol for a diagnostic accuracy study.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of the study was to determine the role of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) in the prediction of functional status at the end of neurological early rehabilitative treatment.
methodsPatients consecutively admitted to intensive or intermediate care units of a neurological rehabilitation center were enrolled in the study. Consciousness and functional status were assessed with the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) and the Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (ERBI), respectively. Both assessments were carried out weekly within the first month and at the end of early rehabilitation. Patient and clinical data were entered into a binary logistic regression model to predict functional status at discharge.
results327 patients (112 females, 215 males) with a median age of 63 years (IQR = 53-75) and a median disease duration of 18 days (IQR = 12-28) were included. Most patients suffered from stroke (59 %), followed by traumatic brain injury (31 %), and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (10 %). Upon admission, 12 % were diagnosed as comatose, 31 % as unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), 35 % as minimally conscious state (MCS) and 22 % already emerged from MCS (eMCS). Of all patients undergoing complete early rehabilitative treatment (n = 180), 72 % showed improvements in level of consciousness (LOC). In this group, age, initial CRS-R score and gains in CRS-R score after four weeks independently predicted functional outcome at discharge.
conclusionsThe study confirms the relevance of the CRS-R score for functional outcome prediction. High CRS-R scores and young age facilitate functional improvements and increase the probability to continue treatment in subsequent rehabilitation phases. Moreover, results indicate that recovery might occur over a period of time that extends beyond acute care.
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