ReviewSports health
Current Concepts in Arm Care Exercise Programs and Injury Risk Reduction in Adolescent Baseball Players: A Clinical Review.
Review in Sports health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eight-Week Shoulder Flexibility Program Improves Serve Accuracy and Select ROM in Youth Volleyball: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2026Trial
- Early Rate of Force Development and Maximal Strength at Different Positions of the Athletic Shoulder Test in Baseball Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Injury Prevention in the Throwing Athlete.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The Reliability and Validity of the ArmCare Strength and Range of Motion Sensor and Mobile Application in Baseball Players.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Changes in Knowledge and Compliance with Pitch Count Recommendations Among Youth Baseball Coaches: A Cross-Sectional Comparison at Two Time Points.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation and Treatment of Baseball Pitchers: There's More to Assess than the Arm.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Prevention of Overhead Shoulder Injuries in Throwing Athletes: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Throwing Injuries and Prevention Strategies in Youth Baseball.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2024Article
- A narrative review of little league shoulder: proximal humeral physis widening is only one piece of the puzzle, it is time to consider posterior glenoid dysplasia.JSES international · 2024Review
- Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Examining Changes in Shoulder Strength, Lower Body Power, and Body Composition among Collegiate Baseball Players after Completion of a Summer Baseball League Season.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Injuries and Persistent Pain in Elite Adolescent Archery Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Dominant Arm Internal and External Rotation Strength is Related to Arm Pain in Youth Baseball Players.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2024Article
- Preliminary Insights into the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Modified Arm Care Screen Test for Overhead Athletes: An On-Field Tool for Injury Prevention.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Advancements for the Future: A National Survey of Fastpitch Softball Coaches' Perspectives on Injury Prevention Programming.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2023Article
- Efficacy of Injury Prevention Using Functional Movement Screen Training in High-School Baseball Players: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Youth Throwers Ten Exercise Program: A variation of an exercise series for enhanced dynamic shoulder control in the youth overhead throwing athlete.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2021Article
- A Field-expedient Arm Care Screening Tool Can Identify Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in Baseball Players.Sports healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAwareness of important injury risk factors associated with excessive pitching volume has been highlighted in the literature, but injury rates remain high. Shoulder pain in baseball players is associated with various changes in musculoskeletal movements, which presents as measurable impairments throughout the kinetic chain. Baseball coaches and rehabilitation professionals have utilized exercise programs targeting strength and flexibility of the throwing arm to prevent injuries. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of arm care exercise programs in reducing upper extremity injury rates in adolescent baseball players. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A search of electronic databases, including CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus was conducted to retrieve available articles in English from the years 2010 through 2020. The search terms STUDY
designClinical review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.
resultsImproving shoulder internal rotation range of motion by stretching the posterior shoulder muscles daily was associated with a 36% risk reduction of shoulder and elbow injuries. Group-based arm care exercise programs that target multiple musculoskeletal impairments demonstrated an approximately 50% reduced risk of elbow injury.
conclusionFor adolescent baseball players, arm care injury prevention programs focusing on important musculoskeletal impairments are effective at reducing injury incidence rates. Multimodal injury prevention programs that improve multiple musculoskeletal impairments are more comprehensive and may result in better injury reduction than programs focusing on a singular impairment.
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