ArticleSleep2021
Stability of nocturnal wake and sleep stages defines central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence.
Article in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Number, Duration, and Distribution of Wake Bouts in Patients with Insomnia Disorder: Effect of Daridorexant and Zolpidem.CNS drugs · 2023Trial
- Differences in Sleep Spindle Characteristics Between Children With Narcolepsy and Those With Other Causes of Subjective Sleepiness.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Boundary-Dependent Sleep-Wake Dysregulation in Idiopathic Hypersomnia.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- Idiopathic hypersomnia is a 24-hour disorder.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- Present and Future of Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Present and Future of Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Rest-activity rhythm phenotypes in adults with epilepsy and intellectual disability.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Current knowledge on the pathophysiology of idiopathic hypersomnia and potential mechanisms of action for low-sodium oxybate treatment.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- Narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- Autonomic cardiovascular control is unaffected in children referred for assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Autonomic cardiovascular control is unaffected in children referred for assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Identifying time-resolved features of nocturnal sleep characteristics of narcolepsy using machine learning.Journal of sleep research · 2024Article
- Article
- Role of Daytime Continuous Polysomnography in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Narcolepsy Type 1.Neurology · 2024Article
- Role of Daytime Continuous Polysomnography in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Narcolepsy Type 1.Neurology · 2024Article
- Implications of Oxybate Dosing Regimen for Sleep, Sleep Architecture, and Disrupted Nighttime Sleep in Patients with Narcolepsy: A Commentary.Neurology and therapy · 2023Article
- Sleep Stage Transitions and Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Children with Narcolepsy-Cataplexy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesWe determine if young people with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) have distinct nocturnal sleep stability phenotypes compared to subjectively sleepy controls.
methodsParticipants were 5- to 21-year old and drug-naïve or drug free: NT1 (n = 46), NT2 (n = 12), IH (n = 18), and subjectively sleepy controls (n = 48). We compared the following sleep stability measures from polysomnogram recording between each hypersomnolence disorder to subjectively sleepy controls: number of wake and sleep stage bouts, Kaplan-Meier survival curves for wake and sleep stages, and median bout durations.
resultsCompared to the subjectively sleepy control group, NT1 participants had more bouts of wake and all sleep stages (p ≤ .005) except stage N3. NT1 participants had worse survival of nocturnal wake, stage N2, and rapid eye movement (REM) bouts (p < .005). In the first 8 hours of sleep, NT1 participants had longer stage N1 bouts but shorter REM (all ps < .004). IH participants had a similar number of bouts but better survival of stage N2 bouts (p = .001), and shorter stage N3 bouts in the first 8 hours of sleep (p = .003). In contrast, NT2 participants showed better stage N1 bout survival (p = .006) and longer stage N1 bouts (p = .02).
conclusionsNT1, NT2, and IH have unique sleep physiology compared to subjectively sleepy controls, with only NT1 demonstrating clear nocturnal wake and sleep instability. Overall, sleep stability measures may aid in diagnoses and management of these central nervous system disorders of hypersomnolence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.