Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33511218›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes research2021

Development of Predictive Nomograms for Clinical Use to Quantify the Risk of Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Bocheng Peng, Rui Min, Yiqin Liao, Aixi Yu

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bocheng PengDepartment of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Rui MinDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Yiqin LiaoDepartment of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Aixi YuDepartment of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5723-6140
Wuhan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the novel proposed nomogram model accuracy in the prediction of the lower-extremity amputations (LEA) risk in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this retrospective study, data of 125 patients with diabetic foot ulcer who met the research criteria in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected by filling in the clinical investigation case report form. Firstly, univariate analysis was used to find the primary predictive factors of amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Secondly, single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were employed to screen the independent influencing factors of amputation introducing the primary predictive factors selected from the univariate analysis. Thirdly, the independent influencing factors were applied to build a prediction model of amputation risk in patients with diabetic foot ulcer by using R4.3; then, the nomogram was established according to the selected variables visually. Finally, the performance of the prediction model was evaluated and verified by receiver working characteristic (ROC) curve, corrected calibration curve, and clinical decision curve.

results7 primary predictive factors were selected by univariate analysis from 21 variables, including the course of diabetes, peripheral angiopathy of diabetic (PAD), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), white blood cells (WBC), albumin (ALB), blood uric acid (BUA), and fibrinogen (FIB); single factor logistic regression analysis showed that albumin was a protective factor for amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcer, and the other six factors were risk factors. Multivariate logical regression analysis illustrated that only five factors (the course of diabetes, PAD, HbA1c, WBC, and FIB) were independent risk factors for amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. According to the area under curve (AUC) of ROC was 0.876 and corrected calibration curve of the nomogram displayed good fitting ability, the model established by these 5 independent risk factors exhibited good ability to predict the risk of amputation. The decision analysis curve (DCA) indicated that the nomogram model was more practical and accurate when the risk threshold was between 6% and 91%.

conclusionOur novel proposed nomogram showed that the course of diabetes, PAD, HbA1c, WBC, and FIB are the independent risk factors of amputation in patients with DFU. This prediction model was well developed and behaved a great accurate value for LEA so as to provide a useful tool for screening LEA risk and preventing DFU from developing into amputation.

Indexed as

Amputation, SurgicalDecision Support TechniquesNomogramsAdultDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic FootFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID33511218
PMCPMC7822701
OpenAlexW3122512096

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.