ReviewJournal of translational internal medicine2020
Hepatic Encephalopathy: Diagnosis and Management.
Review in Journal of translational internal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06995586 (The Synergistic Action of Vitamins and Dietary Supplements in Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Improving the Quality of Healthcare Delivery.), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Synergistic Action of Vitamins and Dietary Supplements in Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Improving the Quality of Healthcare Delivery.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is rifaximin better than nonabsorbable disaccharides in hepatic encephalopathy?: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Traveling with chronic viral hepatitis.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- Covert hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis: implications for early diagnosis and appropriate management.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Liver-nervous system axis: pathways, dysregulation, and translational perspectives.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Management of Refractory Hepatic Encephalopathy.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- [Research advances on hepatic encephalopathy following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- [Hepatic encephalopathy from cholangitis in a young patient with ornithine transcarbamylase mutation].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Article
- The effect of the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on complications in patients with cirrhosis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Impact of quantitative dietary guidance on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt surgery: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Simple scoring model for predicting overt hepatic encephalopathy in geriatric cirrhosis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- A Case of Hepatic Encephalopathy With Diffuse Brainstem Signal Changes on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Cureus · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and aetiology-dependent treatment of acute liver failure.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Review
- Brain Functional Connectivity Significantly Improves After Surgical Eradication of Porto-Systemic Shunting in Pediatric Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Alteration of dynamical degree centrality in brain functional network and its association with metabolic disorder in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Spleen volume is associated with overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with portal hypertension.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- Associations of gallbladder and gallstone parameters with clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2024Article
- Prospective Visual Inspection of the Ventrum of Tongue (VIVOT) Vasculature Predicts the Presence of Esophageal Varices.Gastrointestinal disorders (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy from Ward to Domiciliary Care: Current Evidence and Gray Areas.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- miRNA-ome plasma analysis unveils changes in blood-brain barrier integrity associated with acute liver failure in rats.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Prognostic value of serum ammonia in critical patients with non-hepatic disease: A prospective, observational, multicenter study.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by severe hepatocellular failure or presence of portal-systemic shunts in patients with liver cirrhosis. In its subclinical form, called "minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), only psychometric tests or electrophysiological evaluation can reveal alterations in attention, working memory, psychomotor speed and visuospatial ability, while clinical neurological signs are lacking. The term "covert" (CHE) has been recently used to unify MHE and Grade I HE in order to refer to a condition that is not unapparent but also non overt. "Overt" HE (OHE) is characterized by personality changes, progressive disorientation in time and space, acute confusional state, stupor and coma. Based on its time course, OHE can be divided in Episodic, Recurrent or Persistent. Episodic HE is generally triggered by one or more precipitant factors that should be found and treated. Unlike MHE, clinical examination and clinical decision are crucial for OHE diagnosis and West Haven criteria are widely used to assess the severity of neurological dysfunction. Primary prophylaxis of OHE is indicated only in the patient with gastrointestinal bleeding using non-absorbable antibiotics (Rifaximin) or non-absorbable disaccharides (Lactulose). Treatment of OHE is based on the identification and correction of precipitating factors and starting empirical ammonia-lowering treatment with Rifaximin and Lactulose (per os and enemas). The latter should be used for secondary prophylaxis, adding Rifaximin if HE becomes recurrent. In recurrent/persistent HE, the treatment options include fecal transplantation, TIPS revision and closure of eventual splenorenal shunts. Treatment of MHE should be individualized on a case-by-case basis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.