ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021
Materials, Devices, and Systems of On-Skin Electrodes for Electrophysiological Monitoring and Human-Machine Interfaces.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of sofnobrutinib, a novel non-covalent BTK inhibitor, in healthy subjects: First-in-human phase I study.Clinical and translational science · 2024Trial
- Designing PEDOT:PSS hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2026Article
- Polymer-Based Hydrogels for Chemical Biosensing: From Bioreceptor Integration to Smart Applications.ACS applied polymer materials · 2026Review
- Tailored construction and functional applications of conductive hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Three-Dimensional Interconnect Technologies for Advanced Flexible Electronics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Ultrasoft, adhesive, pH-tunable hydrogel based on in situ functionalized laser-induced graphene for through-hair concurrent biosensing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Flexible Sensing Electrodes: From Materials Design to Device Fabrication.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Motion Neural Monitoring Based on Flexible Materials: From Signal Acquisition to Training Enhancement.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Stiffness-Switchable Conductive Nanocomposites with Temperature-Invariant Conductivity for Long-Term Brain-Computer Interfaces on Hair-Covered Scalp.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Ionic Hydration Engineering Enables Tissue-Like Conductive all-Polymer Hydrogels With Subzero-Temperature Tolerance.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Source-level motion artifact suppression in wearable electrodes: From underlying mechanisms to advanced strategies.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Vertically Aligned Nanopillar Electrodes: Engineered Interfaces for Electrophysiology and Cell-Electrode Coupling.Small methods · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-integrated multimodal physiological and modulation systems.Materials horizons · 2026Review
- At-Home Sleep Electroencephalography Assessment in Young and Older Adults Using a Novel Wireless Soft Electronics Sleep Monitoring System: Experimental Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Hydration-stable PVA-based skin phantom for wearable biopotential sensor evaluation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Deformation Driven Suction Cups: A Mechanics-Based Approach to Wearable Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Electrochemically Enhanced Low-Impedance TiNano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Ionic-Bionic Interfaces: Advancing Iontronic Strategies for Bioelectronic Sensing and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Morphology-adaptive Au-Ag nanowire elastronics for integrated FlexoSERS and bioelectrical sensing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Biocompatible Electrospun Biomaterials for Advancing Thermoregulating Wearable Sensors in Next-Generation Smart Textiles.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
On-skin electrodes function as an ideal platform for collecting high-quality electrophysiological (EP) signals due to their unique characteristics, such as stretchability, conformal interfaces with skin, biocompatibility, and wearable comfort. The past decade has witnessed great advancements in performance optimization and function extension of on-skin electrodes. With continuous development and great promise for practical applications, on-skin electrodes are playing an increasingly important role in EP monitoring and human-machine interfaces (HMI). In this review, the latest progress in the development of on-skin electrodes and their integrated system is summarized. Desirable features of on-skin electrodes are briefly discussed from the perspective of performances. Then, recent advances in the development of electrode materials, followed by the analysis of strategies and methods to enhance adhesion and breathability of on-skin electrodes are examined. In addition, representative integrated electrode systems and practical applications of on-skin electrodes in healthcare monitoring and HMI are introduced in detail. It is concluded with the discussion of key challenges and opportunities for on-skin electrodes and their integrated systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.