Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33510432›Full record

ArticleNature ecology & evolution2021

Fossil data support a pre-Cretaceous origin of flowering plants.

Daniele Silvestro, Christine D Bacon, Wenna Ding, Qiuyue Zhang, Philip C J Donoghue, Alexandre Antonelli, Yaowu Xing

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. Hyperoside, a flavonoid, inducesScience advances · 2025
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  9. Review
  10. The stepwise rise of angiosperm-dominated terrestrial ecosystems.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Evolutionary implications of a deep-time perspective on insect pollination.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Daniele SilvestroDepartment of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. daniele.silvestro@unifr.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-0961
Christine D BaconDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Wenna DingCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-8431
Qiuyue ZhangDepartment of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Philip C J DonoghueSchool of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-7463
Alexandre AntonelliDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1842-9297
Yaowu XingCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6709-4492

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/N000919/1Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/T012773/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flowering plants (angiosperms) are the most diverse of all land plants, becoming abundant in the Cretaceous and achieving dominance in the Cenozoic. However, the exact timing of their origin remains a controversial topic, with molecular clocks generally placing their origin much further back in time than the oldest unequivocal fossils. To resolve this discrepancy, we developed a Bayesian method to estimate the ages of angiosperm families on the basis of the fossil record (a newly compiled dataset of ~15,000 occurrences in 198 families) and their living diversity. Our results indicate that several families originated in the Jurassic, strongly rejecting a Cretaceous origin for the group. We report a marked increase in lineage accumulation from 125 to 72 million years ago, supporting Darwin's hypothesis of a rapid Cretaceous angiosperm diversification. Our results demonstrate that a pre-Cretaceous origin of angiosperms is supported not only by molecular clock approaches but also by analyses of the fossil record that explicitly correct for incomplete sampling.

Indexed as

FossilsMagnoliopsidaBayes TheoremHumansPhylogeny

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.