ArticleScientific reports2021
Cardiac hypoxic resistance and decreasing lactate during maximum apnea in elite breath hold divers.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lactate increases oxygen unloading of preconditioned blood from male elite breath-hold divers.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Apnoea as a novel method to improve exercise performance: A current state of the literature.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- Pulmonary vascular adaptations to hypoxia in elite breath-hold divers.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Hemoglobin concentration and blood shift during dry static apnea in elite breath hold divers.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Breath-Hold Diving - The Physiology of Diving Deep and Returning.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Extreme Hypoxia Causing Brady-Arrythmias During Apnea in Elite Breath-Hold Divers.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breath-hold divers (BHD) enduring apnea for more than 4 min are characterized by resistance to release of reactive oxygen species, reduced sensitivity to hypoxia, and low mitochondrial oxygen consumption in their skeletal muscles similar to northern elephant seals. The muscles and myocardium of harbor seals also exhibit metabolic adaptations including increased cardiac lactate-dehydrogenase-activity, exceeding their hypoxic limit. We hypothesized that the myocardium of BHD possesses similar adaptive mechanisms. During maximum apnea
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Registered trials
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