ArticleScientific reports2021
Host-directed therapy in foals can enhance functional innate immunity and reduce severity of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The potential value of cytokine, cortisol and vitamin D profiles in foals from birth to weaning for respiratory disease prediction on a farm endemic for Rhodococcus equi pneumonia.Equine veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Enteral immunization with live bacteria reprograms innate immune cells and protects neonatal foals from pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Protective immune response against Rhodococcus equi: An innate immunity-focused review.Equine veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Impact of surface receptors TLR2, CR3, and FcγRIII onInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Comparison of the broncoalveolar lavage fluid proteomics between foals and adult horses.PloS one · 2023Article
- Association of pneumonia with concentrations of virulent Rhodococcus equi in fecal swabs of foals before and after intrabronchial infection with virulent R. equi.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
- A Comprehensive Investigation Regarding the Differentiation of the Procurable COVID-19 Vaccines.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2022Review
- Serum Antibody Activity against Poly-Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- The opportunistic intracellular bacterial pathogen Rhodococcus equi elicits type I interferon by engaging cytosolic DNA sensing in macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and Molecular Basis of Multidrug Resistance in Rhodococcus equi.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pneumonia caused by the intracellular bacterium Rhodococcus equi is an important cause of disease and death in immunocompromised hosts, especially foals. Antibiotics are the standard of care for treating R. equi pneumonia in foals, and adjunctive therapies are needed. We tested whether nebulization with TLR agonists (PUL-042) in foals would improve innate immunity and reduce the severity and duration of pneumonia following R. equi infection. Neonatal foals (n = 48) were nebulized with either PUL-042 or vehicle, and their lung cells infected ex vivo. PUL-042 increased inflammatory cytokines in BAL fluid and alveolar macrophages after ex vivo infection with R. equi. Then, the in vivo effects of PUL-042 on clinical signs of pneumonia were examined in 22 additional foals after intrabronchial challenge with R. equi. Foals infected and nebulized with PUL-042 or vehicle alone had a shorter duration of clinical signs of pneumonia and smaller pulmonary lesions when compared to non-nebulized foals. Our results demonstrate that host-directed therapy can enhance neonatal immune responses against respiratory pathogens and reduce the duration and severity of R. equi pneumonia.
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