Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33510142›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Measuring the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses by transient absorption spectroscopy.

Thomas Ding, Marc Rebholz, Lennart Aufleger, Maximilian Hartmann, Veit Stooß, Alexander Magunia, Paul Birk, Gergana Dimitrova Borisova, David Wachs, Carina da Costa Castanheira and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Ultrafast Spectroscopy with anACS physical chemistry Au · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Thomas DingMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany. thomas.ding@mpi-hd.mpg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2543-0563
Marc RebholzMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Lennart AuflegerMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Maximilian HartmannMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-9368
Veit StooßMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Alexander MaguniaMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Paul BirkMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Gergana Dimitrova BorisovaMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
David WachsMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Carina da Costa CastanheiraMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Patrick RupprechtMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-793X
Yonghao MiMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
Andrew R AttarDepartment of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Thomas GaumnitzLaboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-7805
Zhi-Heng LohDivision of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
Sebastian RolingPhysikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Marco ButzPhysikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Helmut ZachariasPhysikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Stefan DüstererDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-1327
Rolf TreuschDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-8862
Arvid EislageDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.
Stefano M CavalettoMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-7519
Christian OttMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany. christian.ott@mpi-hd.mpg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-0916
Thomas PfeiferMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany. thomas.pfeifer@mpi-hd.mpg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5312-3747

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-intensity ultrashort pulses at extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and x-ray photon energies, delivered by state-of-the-art free-electron lasers (FELs), are revolutionizing the field of ultrafast spectroscopy. For crossing the next frontiers of research, precise, reliable and practical photonic tools for the spectro-temporal characterization of the pulses are becoming steadily more important. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a technique for the direct measurement of the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses based on fundamental nonlinear optics. It is implemented in XUV-only pump-probe transient-absorption geometry and provides in-situ information on the time-energy structure of FEL pulses. Using a rate-equation model for the time-dependent absorbance changes of an ionized neon target, we show how the frequency chirp can be directly extracted and quantified from measured data. Since the method does not rely on an additional external field, we expect a widespread implementation at FELs benefiting multiple science fields by in-situ on-target measurement and optimization of FEL-pulse properties.

Identifiers

PMID33510142
PMCPMC7843717

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.