Trial reportBMJ global health2021
Community-level spillover effects of an intervention to prevent intimate partner violence and HIV transmission in rural Ethiopia.
Trial report in BMJ global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02311699 (Using Cultural Ceremonies to Reduce Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Using Cultural Ceremonies to Reduce Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Transmission
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perinatal mental health impacts of intimate partner violence in the African region: a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Assessing progress in gender-transformative sexual and reproductive health interventions: how does practice-based knowledge compare with published evidence in sub-Saharan Africa?Global health action · 2026Article
- "If you want to have sex you can, if you don't, you don't have to": a qualitative evaluation of the Unite for a Better Life couples program to prevent intimate partner violence in rural Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Imbalances in authorship, geographic and institutional contexts, and funding sources in research on gender approaches to sexual and reproductive health in Africa: a scoping review.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2025Article
- Displacement, Polygyny, Romantic Jealousy, and Intimate Partner Violence: A Qualitative Study among Somali Refugees in Ethiopia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Strengthening women's empowerment and gender equality in fragile contexts towards peaceful and inclusive societies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Campbell systematic reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with adverse health and psychosocial outcomes. We analysed the spillover effects of Unite for a Better Life (UBL), an intervention evaluated in a cluster randomised controlled trial using a double-randomised design; previous evidence suggests UBL reduced IPV in rural Ethiopia among direct beneficiaries.
methodsVillages (n=64) were randomly allocated to control, or to receive UBL delivered to men, women or couples. Each cluster comprised 106 surveyed households, including 21 randomly selected indirect beneficiary households who were not included in the intervention. Primary and secondary IPV outcomes included women's experience and men's perpetration of past-year physical or sexual IPV 24 months postintervention. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted comparing indirect beneficiaries to sampled households in control communities. The analysis includes 2516 households surveyed at baseline in 2014-2015 (1680 households in the control arm, 258 indirect beneficiary households in the couples' arm, 287 indirect beneficiary households in the women's arm and 291 indirect beneficiary households in the men's arm). Follow-up data were available from 88% of baseline respondents and 86% of baseline spouses surveyed in 2017-2018, a total of 4379 individuals.
resultsAmong indirect beneficiaries, there was no statistically significant intervention effect on women's past-year experience of physical or sexual IPV, while men's UBL significantly reduced reported perpetration of past-year sexual IPV (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.55; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.80, p=0.002). The intervention effects among indirect beneficiaries were statistically similar to those reported for the direct beneficiaries. In general, the hypothesis of equal effects cannot be rejected.
conclusionA gender-transformative intervention delivered to men was effective in reducing reported IPV even among indirect beneficiaries, suggesting that the programme had positive spillover effects in diffusing information and changing behaviours within the broader community. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT02311699 and American Economic Association Registry (AEARCTR-0000211).
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Registered trials
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