Observational studyCritical care (London, England)2021
Clearance of inflammatory cytokines in patients with septic acute kidney injury during renal replacement therapy using the EMiC2 filter (Clic-AKI study).
Observational study in Critical care (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03231748 (Clearance of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Septic Acute Kidney Injury During Renal Replacement Therapy Using the EMIC®2 Filter), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clearance of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Septic Acute Kidney Injury During Renal Replacement Therapy Using the EMIC®2 Filter
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Effluent-Dose Response of Continuous Haemofiltration Integrated into Veno-Venous ECMO for Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- IFNγ in human sepsis: a scoping review.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Heat stroke with sepsis: A case report and review of the literature.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Review
- Construction and validation of nomogram prediction model for clinical efficacy of high-dose continuous renal replacement therapy in sepsis patients based on inflammatory response and microcirculation.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Advances in the comprehensive mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of heatstroke-induced coagulopathy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- A hypothesis on treatment strategy of severe multicentric Castleman disease with continuous renal replacement therapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Review
- The ADVanced Organ Support (ADVOS) hemodialysis system removes IL-6: an in vitro proof-of-concept study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2024Article
- Medium cut-off dialyzer for middle molecular uremic toxins in AKI and chronic dialysis.Journal of nephrology · 2024Review
- CITED2 Mediates Metabolic Reprogramming in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via the AKT Signaling Pathway to Induce Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetic of Cefiderocol in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy: A Case Series.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Comprehensive analysis of cytokine adsorption properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membrane material.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2022Article
- Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Children.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Effects of Expanded Hemodialysis with Medium Cut-Off Membranes on Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Review.Membranes · 2022Review
- Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy With oXiris Filter May Not be an Effective Resolution to Alleviate Cytokine Release Syndrome in Non-AKI Patients With Severe and Critical COVID-19.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill Patient: From Garage Technology to Artificial Intelligence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Renal Replacement Techniques in Septic Shock.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- miR-181a Ameliorates the Progression of Myasthenia Gravis by Regulating TRIM9.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe EMiC2 membrane is a medium cut-off haemofilter (45 kiloDalton). Little is known regarding its efficacy in eliminating medium-sized cytokines in sepsis. This study aimed to explore the effects of continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD) using the EMiC2 filter on cytokine clearance.
methodsThis was a prospective observational study conducted in critically ill patients with sepsis and acute kidney injury requiring kidney replacement therapy. We measured concentrations of 12 cytokines [Interleukin (IL) IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, epidermal growth factor (EGF)] in plasma at baseline (T0) and pre- and post-dialyzer at 1, 6, 24, and 48 h after CVVHD initiation and in the effluent fluid at corresponding time points. Outcomes were the effluent and adsorptive clearance rates, mass balances, and changes in serial serum concentrations.
resultsTwelve patients were included in the final analysis. All cytokines except EGF concentrations declined over 48 h (p < 0.001). The effluent clearance rates were variable and ranged from negligible values for IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, and EGF, to 19.0 ml/min for TNF-α. Negative or minimal adsorption was observed. The effluent and adsorptive clearance rates remained steady over time. The percentage of cytokine removal was low for most cytokines throughout the 48-h period.
conclusionEMiC2-CVVHD achieved modest removal of most cytokines and demonstrated small to no adsorptive capacity despite a decline in plasma cytokine concentrations. This suggests that changes in plasma cytokine concentrations may not be solely influenced by extracorporeal removal.
trial registrationNCT03231748, registered on 27th July 2017.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.