ReviewMicrobial cell factories2021
Multi-pathogen infections and Alzheimer's disease.
Review in Microbial cell factories, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection and risk of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Hospitalization with infections and risk of Dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Aging · 2025Pooled it
- Is Periodontitis Associated with Age-Related Cognitive Impairment? The Systematic Review, Confounders Assessment and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Two-Dimensional MXene-Loaded Butylphthalide Enhances the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting the cGAS-STING pathway alleviates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Beyond association: A quantitative analysis of the infectious burden in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- iPSC-Derived 3D Brain Organoids as Next-generation Platforms to Study Viral and Toxicant-associated Neurodegeneration.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Role of Microbial Toxins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights and Future Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- PTP1B in astrocytes drives pathogen-induced neurodegeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Microglia-Astrocyte Cooperation and Peripheral T Cells in Alzheimer's Disease: State-of-the-Art and Treatment Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Unmasking the hidden catalyst: How infections trigger Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Options for Alzheimer's Disease and Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline: State of the Art in the ACH2.0 Paradigm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Challenges, knowledge, and skills required for family caregivers of older adults with dementia: a qualitative study in Vietnam.Global health action · 2025Article
- Exploring the role of multi-pathogen infections in Alzheimer's disease: A case-control study.Virulence · 2025Article
- Helicobacter hepaticus CdtB promoted brain impairment in BALB/c mice via gut-brain axis.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Modulation of Amyloid-β Aggregation by Surface Proteins from Pathogens Associated with Alzheimer's Disease.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Systemic inflammation as a central player in the initiation and development of Alzheimer's disease.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Viral Infection Induces Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathways and Senescence in iPSC-Derived Neuronal Models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Coexistence of Tuberculosis and Lophomoniasis in a Patient With Alzheimer's Disease.Respirology case reports · 2025Article
- Editorial for the Special Issue "Aging, Age-Related Changes in the Brain and the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease".Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease associated with the overproduction and accumulation of amyloid-β peptide and hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins in the brain. Despite extensive research on the amyloid-based mechanism of AD pathogenesis, the underlying cause of AD is not fully understood. No disease-modifying therapies currently exist, and numerous clinical trials have failed to demonstrate any benefits. The recent discovery that the amyloid-β peptide has antimicrobial activities supports the possibility of an infectious aetiology of AD and suggests that amyloid-β plaque formation might be induced by infection. AD patients have a weakened blood-brain barrier and immune system and are thus at elevated risk of microbial infections. Such infections can cause chronic neuroinflammation, production of the antimicrobial amyloid-β peptide, and neurodegeneration. Various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites have been associated with AD. Most research in this area has focused on individual pathogens, with herpesviruses and periodontal bacteria being most frequently implicated. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential role of multi-pathogen infections in AD. Recognition of the potential coexistence of multiple pathogens and biofilms in AD's aetiology may stimulate the development of novel approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. Multiple diagnostic tests could be applied simultaneously to detect major pathogens, followed by anti-microbial treatment using antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-biofilm agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.