SynthesisActa neurochirurgica2021
Augmented reality navigation in spine surgery: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Acta neurochirurgica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of augmented reality on radiation exposure during spine surgery: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Intraoperative Angle Measurement of Anatomical Structures: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Virtual reality for surgical training in balloon kyphoplasty procedure.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Trial
- A Pilot Human Cadaveric Study on Accuracy of the Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation System for Thoracolumbar Pedicle Screw Insertion Using a New Intraoperative Rapid Registration Method.Journal of digital imaging · 2023Trial
- Learning from the unseen: synthetic data for scoliosis AI segmentation.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
- Integrating mixed reality navigation in spine surgery: experience from a national spinal injuries unit and logistical-economic analysis.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Augmented reality-enabled image-guided surgical navigation in minimally invasive spine surgery: application beyond screw placement in prone lateral transpsoas interbody fusion-a cadaveric surgical technique study.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- The Fluoroscopy Paradox: Radiation Exposure, Dose Optimization, and Occupational Risk in Full-Endoscopic and Biportal Spine Surgery-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Accuracy in spinal level determination, including transitional vertebrae: an ASReview supported systematic review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Augmented Reality Navigation for Pedicle Screw Fixation: Technical Accuracy and Feasibility in a Human Cadaveric Study.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2026Article
- Intraoperative Navigation in Cervical Spine Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Patient Perception of the Use of the Apple Vision Pro Virtual Reality Headset in an Anesthesiology Informed Consent Process: Prospective Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.JMIR XR and spatial computing · 2026Article
- Accuracy and effectiveness of thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement with a mixed reality head mounted device: first clinical experience and results.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Transforming spinal surgery: five years of navigation, workflow optimization and clinical impact.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Next viewer-development of a software for the spatial computing data glasses apple vision pro for patient-specific preoperative planning and navigation.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Long-term outcomes following augmented reality-assisted pedicle screw placement in spinal fusion patients.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Augmented reality-guided pedicle screw fixation: an experimental study.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes of navigation-assisted versus fluoroscopy-guided UBE-ULBD in single-level lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective study.BMC surgery · 2025Article
- Augmented reality in spine surgery: A bibliometric analysis of the top 50 cited articles.Neurosurgical review · 2025Review
- Response to the letter to the editor: Augmented reality-guided pedicle screw fixation: an experimental study.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConventional spinal navigation solutions have been criticized for having a negative impact on time in the operating room and workflow. AR navigation could potentially alleviate some of these concerns while retaining the benefits of navigated spine surgery. The objective of this study is to summarize the current evidence for using augmented reality (AR) navigation in spine surgery.
methodsWe performed a systematic review to explore the current evidence for using AR navigation in spine surgery. PubMed and Web of Science were searched from database inception to November 27, 2020, for data on the AR navigation solutions; the reported efficacy of the systems; and their impact on workflow, radiation, and cost-benefit relationships.
resultsIn this systematic review, 28 studies were included in the final analysis. The main findings were superior workflow and non-inferior accuracy when comparing AR to free-hand (FH) or conventional surgical navigation techniques. A limited number of studies indicated decreased use of radiation. There were no studies reporting mortality, morbidity, or cost-benefit relationships.
conclusionsAR provides a meaningful addition to FH surgery and traditional navigation methods for spine surgery. However, the current evidence base is limited and prospective studies on clinical outcomes and cost-benefit relationships are needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.