ArticleJournal of dental sciences2020
Mechanistic and compositional studies of the autophagy-inducing areca nut ingredient.
Article in Journal of dental sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Areca nut extract exposure disrupts myogenesis and metabolism in C2C12 cells.Current research in toxicology · 2025Article
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7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background/purposeWe previously found that the partially purified 30-100 kDa fraction of areca-nut-extract (ANE 30-100K) induces autophagy in different types of cells including oral carcinoma OECM-1 cells. This study was to analyze the composition and possible mechanisms of ANE 30-100K-induced autophagy (AIA). MATERIALS AND
methodsPhenol-sulfuric acid method and high performance anion exchange chromatography were utilized to analyze the composition of ANE 30-100K. OECM-1 and esophageal CE81T/VGH cells were taken as the experimental models. Microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe morphological changes. Cell viability and specific proteins were respectively measured by XTT and Western bot assay. shRNA and chemical inhibitors were applied to assess the involvement of Atg5, caveolin, and proteasome in AIA.
resultsANE 30-100K contains ∼67% carbohydrate, which is composed of fucose (5.938%), arabinose (24.631%), glucosamine (8.066%), galactose (26.820%), glucose (21.388%), and mannose (13.157%). After ANE 30-100K stimulation, CE81T/VGH cells showed intracellular vacuoles, acidic vesicles, double-membrane vacuoles, and elevated LC3-II level. ANE 30-100K-induced cytotoxicity and LC3-II accumulation were significantly inhibited by Atg5 knockdown. Furthermore, the endocytosis inhibitor (methyl-β-cyclodextrin) and two caveolin shRNAs, as well as two proteasome inhibitors (lactacystin and epoxomicin), were shown to significantly attenuate ANE 30-100K-induced cytotoxicity and LC3-II accumulation in both OECM-1 and CE81T/VGH cells.
conclusionThe major components of ANE 30-100K are carbohydrates. CE81T/VGH also exhibited autophagic responses to ANE 30-100K. Caveolin-mediated endocytosis and proteasome are involved in AIA. This study may have provided new knowledges of the action mechanisms and compositions of ANE 30-100K.
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