ReviewThorax2021
Asthma diagnosis: into the fourth dimension.
Review in Thorax, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The impact of dosage timing for inhaled corticosteroids in asthma: a randomised three-way crossover trial.Thorax · 2025Trial
- Identifying predictor factors for asthma using machine learning: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Asthma daytime and nighttime symptom diaries: content validity and qualitative exploration of meaningful change in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Article
- Validity, reliability, and longitudinal measurement properties of the Asthma Daytime and Nighttime Symptom Diaries in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Observational
- Exhaled breath volatiles for asthma diagnosis: discovery and validation in untreated but symptomatic patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- What do patients think about home-based testing for better asthma diagnosis? Insights from a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Home-Based FeNO Monitoring with the Vivatmo me Device Reveals Type 2 Inflammatory Patterns of Patients with Asthma at Different Treatment Steps: The FeNO@Home Study.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Article
- Melatonin suppresses ILC2-driven airway hyperreactivity via glutathione-dependent metabolic reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Assessing diagnostic accuracy for asthma with home spirometry in primary care.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Erythropoietic indices in asthma patients on controller medications: a comparative analysis.African health sciences · 2025Article
- Circadian variability in breath volatiles is affected by the timing of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Effect of time of day and seasonal variation on bronchodilator responsiveness: the SPIRO-TIMETRY study.Thorax · 2025Article
- The molecular circadian clock of eosinophils: a potential therapeutic target for asthma.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Article
- Expert opinion on gray areas in asthma management: A lesson from the innovative project "revolution in asthma" of the Italian thoracic society (AIPO-ITS).Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of asthma across multiple datasets.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- The impact of time of day on the diagnostic performance of tests for asthma.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Altered circadian gene expression in primary human airway epithelial cells in asthma.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Domiciliary monitoring of exhaled nitric oxide in the management of asthma: a pilot study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- The disrupted molecular circadian clock of monocytes and macrophages in allergic inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in the UK; however, the misdiagnosis rate is substantial. The lack of consistency in national guidelines and the paucity of data on the performance of diagnostic algorithms compound the challenges in asthma diagnosis. Asthma is a highly rhythmic disease, characterised by diurnal variability in clinical symptoms and pathogenesis. Asthma also varies day to day, seasonally and from year to year. As much as it is a hallmark for asthma, this variability also poses significant challenges to asthma diagnosis. Almost all established asthma diagnostic tools demonstrate diurnal variation, yet few are performed with standardised timing of measurements. The dichotomous interpretation of diagnostic outcomes using fixed cut-off values may further limit the accuracy of the tests, particularly when diurnal variability straddles cut-off values within a day, and careful interpretation beyond the 'positive' and 'negative' outcome is needed. The day-to-day and more long-term variations are less predictable and it is unclear whether performing asthma diagnostic tests during asymptomatic periods may influence diagnostic sensitivities. With the evolution of asthma diagnostic tools, home monitoring and digital apps, novel strategies are needed to bridge these gaps in knowledge, and circadian variability should be considered during the standardisation process. This review summarises the biological mechanisms of circadian rhythms in asthma and highlights novel data on the significance of time (the fourth dimension) in asthma diagnosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.