Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Phase II Single-arm Study of Durvalumab and Tremelimumab with Concurrent Radiotherapy in Patients with Mismatch Repair-proficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combining radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic cancers: a 25-year review of safety outcomes by the ENRSO Group.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Optimal early endpoint for second-line or subsequent immune checkpoint inhibitors in previously treated advanced solid cancers: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Respiratory adverse effects in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Destabilizing the genome as a therapeutic strategy to enhance response to immune checkpoint blockade: a systematic review of clinical trials evidence from solid and hematological tumors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review.Advances in therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Phase I/II study of BMS-986156 with ipilimumab or nivolumab with or without stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with advanced solid malignancies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- An international phase II trial and immune profiling of SBRT and atezolizumab in advanced pretreated colorectal cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Trial
- Liver Metastases and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Induction chemoimmunotherapy followed by CD8+ immune cell-based patient selection for chemotherapy-free radioimmunotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Can Chemoradiotherapy Expand Immune Checkpoint Blockade Responsiveness in Mismatch Repair-Proficient Rectal Cancer?Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Review
- Combination immunotherapy for colorectal cancer: Clinical applications, rationale, challenges, and future perspectives.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- IL-21 enhances the cytotoxicity of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, improving radiation efficacy.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Liver microenvironment-driven immunosuppressive niche in colorectal cancer liver metastasis and its therapeutic remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Radiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy in MSS/pMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: a Propensity-Matched Retrospective Study.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Focus on PD-1/PD-L1-Targeting Antibodies in Colorectal Cancer: Are There Options Beyond Dostarlimab, Nivolumab, and Pembrolizumab? A Comprehensive Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Low-dose irradiation of the gut improves the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in metastatic cancer patients.Cancer cell · 2025Article
- Proceedings of the National Cancer Institute Workshop on combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy: challenges and opportunities for clinical translation.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
38 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeImmune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) alone is not active in mismatch repair-proficient (MMR-P) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), nor does radiotherapy alone result in objective systemic benefit. However, combined radiotherapy plus ICI can induce systemic antitumor immunity in preclinical and clinical models. PATIENTS AND
methodsIn this single-center, phase II study, patients with chemotherapy-refractory MMR-P mCRC received durvalumab 1,500 mg plus tremelimumab 75 mg every 4 weeks plus radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) in nonirradiated lesions. Treatment and efficacy were correlated with peripheral immune cell profiles.
resultsWe enrolled 24 patients, and report outcomes after a median follow-up of 21.8 (range: 15.9-26.3) months. The ORR was 8.3% (2 patients) [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-27.0]. The median progression-free survival was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.7-1.9) months, median overall survival was 11.4 (95% CI, 10.1-17.4) months. Twenty five percent of patients (
conclusionsThis combination of radiotherapy plus ICI study did not meet the prespecified endpoint criteria to be considered worthwhile for further study. However, rare instances of systemic immune augmentation and regression in nonirradiated lesions were observed (an abscopal response). Combination durvalumab and tremelimumab plus radiotherapy is feasible in MMR-P mCRC with a manageable safety profile. Further studies of novel immunotherapy combinations, and identification of biomarkers predictive of abscopal response are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.