Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33504138›Full record

ReviewClinical and molecular hepatology2021

Changes in the epidemiology and management of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.

Salvatore Piano, Marta Tonon, Paolo Angeli

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical and molecular hepatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07465003 (Use of Antimicrobial Drugs in Severe Infections and Epidemiological Study of Populations With Severe Infections), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07465003 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Use of Antimicrobial Drugs in Severe Infections and Epidemiological Study of Populations With Severe Infections

TypeobservationalSponsorThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityRan2026 to 2028Enrolled1,600ConditionsCirrhosis, Sepsis
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Markers in Septic Critically Ill Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Retrospective Analysis.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Bacterial resistance profile and its association with poor outcome among cirrhosis patients attending a tertiary care referral center in northern India.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Observational
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Salvatore PianoUnit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Marta TononUnit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Paolo AngeliUnit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
University of Padua · IT

Funding

EU Horizon 2020 Programme H2020-SC1-2016-RTDLIVERHOPE 731875
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to develop infections because of immune dysfunction, changes in microbiome and increase in bacterial translocation from the gut to systemic circulation. Bacterial infections can worse the clinical course of the disease, triggering the development of complications such as acute kidney injury, hepatic encephalopathy, organ failures and acute on chronic liver failure. In recent years, the spread of multi drug resistant bacteria made more challenging the management of infections in patients with cirrhosis. Hence, the mortality rate associated to sepsis is increasing in these patients. Therefore, the optimization of the management of infections has a high priority in cirrhosis. Herein we reviewed the recent changes in the epidemiology and the management of bacterial infections in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Indexed as

Bacterial InfectionsLiver CirrhosisAnti-Bacterial AgentsHepatic EncephalopathyHumansSepsisAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial stewardshipLiver transplantationSepsisSeptic shock

Identifiers

PMID33504138
PMCPMC8273641
OpenAlexW3122370225

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.