ReviewNutrients2021
The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota.
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential neuroprotective effects of fermented foods and beverages in old age: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Host insulin resistance caused byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- The interplay between gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights from dysbiosis to disease modulation.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Remodeling of the Gut Microbiome as a Strategy to Restore Immune Tolerance in Autoimmunity.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights from a multi-organ perspective.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Mechanism of Exercise-Regulated Intestinal Flora for Alzheimer's Disease Based on Gut-Brain Axis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Microbiome-Neurodegeneration Interface: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Cells · 2026Review
- Multi-omics integration identifies a gut-microbiota-associated plasma metabolite signature for alzheimer disease diagnosis and metabolic pathway targeting.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota orchestrates bone homeostasis: a multi-pathway network from intestine to skeleton.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The gut-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease: early detection, microbial metabolites, mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Exploring the gut-brain axis: dietary influences on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with hippocampal neuronal damage and behavioral alterations in APP/PS1 mice with high-salt diet.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- TLRs and NLRs modulate oral microbiome involvement in Alzheimer's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Microbial diversity and fitness in the gut-brain axis: influences on developmental risk for Alzheimer's disease.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- The Aging Gut-Brain Axis: Effects of Dietary Polyphenols and Metal Exposure.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and perioperative neurocognitive disorder and postoperative complications after valve replacement surgery: a prospective cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Medicinal Plants for a Healthy Gut Microbiome: Scientific Insights into Modern Herbal Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of Gut-Brain Axis and Probiotics on Alzheimer's Disease.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria can influence brain and immune system function by the production of lipopolysaccharides and amyloid. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome induces local and consecutively systemic immune-mediated inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines then trigger neuroinflammation and finally neurodegeneration. Immune-mediated oxidative stress can lead to a deficiency of vitamins and essential micronutrients. Furthermore, the wrong composition of gut microbiota might impair the intake and metabolization of nutrients. In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) significant alterations of the gut microbiota have been demonstrated. Standard Western diet, infections, decreased physical activity and chronic stress impact the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. A higher abundancy of "pro-inflammatory" gut microbiota goes along with enhanced systemic inflammation and neuroinflammatory processes. Thus, AD beginning in the gut is closely related to the imbalance of gut microbiota. Modulation of gut microbiota by Mediterranean diet, probiotics and curcumin can slow down cognitive decline and alter the gut microbiome significantly. A multi-domain intervention approach addressing underlying causes of AD (inflammation, infections, metabolic alterations like insulin resistance and nutrient deficiency, stress) appears very promising to reduce or even reverse cognitive decline by exerting positive effects on the gut microbiota.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.