ArticleFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association2021
Nicotinic cholinergic system and COVID-19: In silico identification of interactions between α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the cryptic epitopes of SARS-Co-V and SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoproteins.
Article in Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tobacco smoking and severity of COVID-19: Experience from a hospital-based prospective cohort study in Lyon, France.Journal of medical virology · 2021Trial
- Protecting effects of smoking against COVID-19: a community-based retrospective cohort study in middle- and older-aged adults.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- The knowns and unknowns of cardiac autoimmunity in viral myocarditis.Reviews in medical virology · 2023Review
- Substances of abuse and their effect on SAR-CoV-2 pathogenesis.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Serum butyrylcholinesterase as a marker of COVID-19 mortality: Results of the monocentric prospective observational study.Chemico-biological interactions · 2023Observational
- Long COVID as a Tauopathy: Of "Brain Fog" and "Fusogen Storms".International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The controversial effect of smoking and nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Review
- α7- and α9-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Functioning of Immune System and in Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The SARS-CoV-2 Virus and the Cholinergic System: Spike Protein Interaction with Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and the Nicotinic Agonist Varenicline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cholinergic dysfunction in COVID-19: frantic search and hoping for the best.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Review
- Elevated plasma CAF22 are incompletely restored six months after COVID-19 infection in older men.Experimental gerontology · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in "Long COVID": pathophysiology, heart rate variability, and inflammatory markers.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- An experimental test of the nicotinic hypothesis of COVID-19.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- New-onset myasthenia gravis after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a case series.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Understanding the Pivotal Role of the Vagus Nerve in Health from Pandemics.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Inflammatory reflex disruption in COVID-19.Clinical & experimental neuroimmunology · 2022Review
- Smoking Status and Factors associated with COVID-19 In-Hospital Mortality among US Veterans.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Observational
- A Deadly Embrace: Hemagglutination Mediated by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein at Its 22 N-Glycosylation Sites, Red Blood Cell Surface Sialoglycoproteins, and Antibody.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus that originated in Wuhan in December 2019 and has spread globally. Studies have shown that smokers are less likely to be diagnosed with or be hospitalized for COVID-19 but, once hospitalized, have higher odds for an adverse outcome. We have previously presented the potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), due to a "toxin-like" epitope on the Spike glycoprotein, with homology to a sequence of a snake venom toxin. This epitope coincides with the well-described cryptic epitope for the human anti-SARS-CoV antibody CR3022. In this study, we present the molecular complexes of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoproteins, at their open or closed conformations, with the model of the human α7 nAChR. We found that all studied protein complexes' interface involves a large part of the "toxin-like" sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoproteins and toxin binding site of human α7 nAChR. Our findings provide further support to the hypothesis about the protective role of nicotine and other cholinergic agonists. The potential therapeutic role of CR3022 and other similar monoclonal antibodies with increased affinity for SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein against the clinical effects originating from the dysregulated cholinergic pathway should be further explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.