ArticleCell reports2021
Extracellular vesicles promote transkingdom nutrient transfer during viral-bacterial co-infection.
Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myeloid Cell States in Influenza-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis Are Shaped by Iron Overload and Metabolic Reprogramming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- The dual promise of extracellular vesicles in lung diseases: towards reliable biomarkers and drug delivery vectors.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in viral disease management.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Review
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Brain Metastasis.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Review
- Decoding the role of extracellular vesicles in pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2025Review
- Recreating chronic respiratory infectionsEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles as therapeutics for inflammation and infection.Current opinion in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Host-Microbiota Interactions.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2024Review
- Interferon signaling drives epithelial metabolic reprogramming to promote secondary bacterial infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- A thermo-resistant and RNase-sensitive cargo fromJournal of extracellular biology · 2023Article
- Application of a quantitative framework to improve the accuracy of a bacterial infection model.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Review
- Iron bioavailability regulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa interspecies interactions through type VI secretion expression.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Microbial communities of the upper respiratory tract in mild and severe COVID-19 patients: a possible link with the disease course.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2023Article
- Article
- Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli O96:H19 is an Emergent Biofilm-Forming Pathogen.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Bacterial and Viral Co-Infection in the Intestine: Competition Scenario and Their Effect on Host Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Biofilm aggregates and the host airway-microbial interface.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly appreciated as a mechanism of communication among cells that contribute to many physiological processes. Although EVs can promote either antiviral or proviral effects during viral infections, the role of EVs in virus-associated polymicrobial infections remains poorly defined. We report that EVs secreted from airway epithelial cells during respiratory viral infection promote secondary bacterial growth, including biofilm biogenesis, by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) increases the release of the host iron-binding protein transferrin on the extravesicular face of EVs, which interact with P. aeruginosa biofilms to transfer the nutrient iron and promote bacterial biofilm growth. Vesicular delivery of iron by transferrin more efficiently promotes P. aeruginosa biofilm growth than soluble holo-transferrin delivered alone. Our findings indicate that EVs are a nutrient source for secondary bacterial infections in the airways during viral infection and offer evidence of transkingdom communication in the setting of polymicrobial infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.