ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2021
Oral Bioavailability Improvement of Tailored Rosuvastatin Loaded Niosomal Nanocarriers to Manage Ischemic Heart Disease: Optimization, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- An emerging era in manufacturing of drug delivery systems: Nanofabrication techniques.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Advanced Drug Delivery Micro- and Nanosystems for Cardiovascular Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Nanovesicles-Mediated Drug Delivery for Oral Bioavailability Enhancement.International journal of nanomedicine · 2022Review
- Cholesterol-Based Nanovesicles Enhance the In Vitro Cytotoxicity, Ex Vivo Intestinal Absorption, and In Vivo Bioavailability of Flutamide.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2022-07-11Author Unresponsive · Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available · Unreliable Data ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rosuvastatin is an efficient antihyperlipidemic agent; however, being a BCS class II molecule, it shows poor oral bioavailability of < 20%. The present study focused on the improvement of oral bioavailability of rosuvastatin using tailored niosomes. The niosomes were prepared by film hydration method and sonication using cholesterol and Span 40. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the size (98 nm) and the entrapment efficacy (77%) of the niosomes by selecting cholesterol at 122 mg, Span 40 at 0.52%, and hydration time at 29.88 min. The transmission electron microscopy image showed spherical shape niosomes with smooth surface without aggregation. The ex vivo intestinal permeability studies showed significant improvement in the rosuvastatin permeation (95.5% after 2 h) using niosomes in comparison to the rosuvastatin suspension (40.1% after 2 h). The in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters in the rat model confirmed the improvement in the oral bioavailability with optimized rosuvastatin loaded niosomes (relative bioavailability = 2.01) in comparison to the rosuvastatin suspension, due to high surface area of niosomes and its lymphatic uptake via transcellular route. In conclusion, the optimized rosuvastatin loaded niosomes offers a promising approach to improve the oral bioavailability of rosuvastatin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.