ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2021
Population-based, three-dimensional analysis of age- and sex-related femur shaft geometry differences.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medullary radius as a major contributor to variance in the proximal femur: Insights from statistical shape modeling.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Development of a subject-specific finite element analysis workflow to assess local biomechanics during segmental bone defect healing.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2025Article
- Age- and Gender-Related Femoral Bowing Analysis in the Korean Population and Features for Clinical Applications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Advantages of customization of osseointegrated implants in transfemoral amputees: a comparative analysis of surgical planning.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- A statistical shape analysis for the assessment of the main geometrical features of the distal femoral medullary canal.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Chronological Changes in Sagittal Femoral Bowing after Primary Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comparative 3D CT Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Femoral Bowing Increases Early Postoperative Stress around the Femoral Stem in Humans: A Finite Element Analysis.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2023Article
- Association of atypical femoral fracture location and lower limb mechanical axis: a computed tomography-based finite element analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2022Article
- Differences in femur geometry and bone markers in atypical femur fractures and the general population.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
This study deals with differences of femoral geometric focus on the bowing and width. Analysis using three-dimensional skeletonization showed increase of femoral bowing and femur width over life (more in women), and widening of the medullary canal only in women after 50 years old, not in men.
introductionThe changes in femur geometry that occur with aging and lead to fragility or insufficiency fracture remain unclear. The role of the lower limb geometry, including the femur and femoral bowing, has become a point of discussion, especially in atypical femur fracture. This study aimed to analyze femur shaft geometry using three-dimensional skeletonization.
methodsWe acquired computed tomography images of both femurs obtained. A total of 1400 age- and sex-stratified participants were enrolled and were divided into subgroups according to age (by decade) and sex. The computed tomography images were used to produce 3-dimensional samplings of anatomical elements of the human femur using reconstruction and parametrization from these datasets. The process of skeletonization was conducted to obtain compact representation of the femur. With the skeletonization, we were able to compare all parameters according to age and sex.
resultsThe femur length was 424.4 ± 28.6 mm and was longer in men (P < 0.001). The minimum diameter of the medullary canal was 8.9 ± 2.0 mm. The radius of curvature (ROC) was 906.9 ± 193.3 mm. Men had a larger femur length, femur outer diameter, and the narrowest medullary diameter (P < 0.001, respectively). Women had significantly smaller ROC (P < 0.001). ROC decreased by 19.4% in men and 23.6% in women between the ages of 20 to 89 years. Femur width increased over life by 11.4% in men and 24.5% in women. Between the ages of 50 and 89 years, the medullary canal appears to have increased by 32.7% in women.
conclusionThis geometry analysis demonstrated that femoral bowing and femoral width increased related to aging, and that the medullary canal widened after the age of 50 years in women. This cross-sectional study revealed important age- and sex-related differences in femur shaft geometry that occur with aging.
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