Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Baseline Circulating Tumor Cell Count as a Prognostic Marker of PSA Response and Disease Progression in Metastatic Castrate-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (SWOG S1216).
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of the association between CTCs and survival outcomes in urothelial carcinoma.BMC urology · 2026Pooled it
- Circulating Tumor Cell Count and Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Three- and Seven-month Prostate-specific Antigen Levels as Prognostic Markers for Overall Survival in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Results from SWOG S1216, a Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Androgen Deprivation Plus Orteronel or Bicalutamide.European urology oncology · 2024Trial
- Circulating tumour cells as a window into lethality in prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Liquid biopsy in the clinical management of tumor of urinary system: current status and future developments.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Epigenetic and Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: Bridging Tumor Heterogeneity and Clinical Implementation.Cancers · 2026Review
- Circulating tumour cells for the prediction of the response to radiation therapy in prostate cancer.The British journal of radiology · 2025Review
- Circulating Tumor Cells and Clinical Outcomes in Men with Metastatic Castration-sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated with Enzalutamide and Docetaxel: An Analysis of the ENZADA Trial.European urology open science · 2025Article
- Circulating Tumor DNA in Prostate Cancer: A Dual Perspective on Early Detection and Advanced Disease Management.Cancers · 2025Review
- Plasma Preparation Strategies for Extracellular Vesicle-Based Biomarkers in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Insights into the role of MSLN-positive circulating tumor cell as an auxiliary diagnostic biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Liquid biopsy: paving a new avenue for cancer research.Cell adhesion & migration · 2024Review
- Liquid biopsy to personalize treatment for metastatic prostate cancer.American journal of translational research · 2024Review
- Review
- Future directions in systemic treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.World journal of urology · 2023Article
- Utilization of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Management of Solid Tumors.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Aneuploid subtypes of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor-derived endothelial cells predict the overall survival of advanced lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells in predicting ground-glass nodules malignancy.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- Integration of Liquid Biopsies in Clinical Management of Metastatic Prostate Cancer.Current oncology reports · 2022Review
- Insights into Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters: A Barometer for Treatment Effects and Prognosis for Prostate Cancer Patients.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), combined androgen axis inhibition is a standard of care. Noninvasive biomarkers that guide initial therapy decisions are needed. We hypothesized that CellSearch circulating tumor cell (CTC) count, an FDA-cleared assay in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), is a relevant biomarker in mCSPC. EXPERIMENTAL
designSWOG S1216 is a phase III prospective randomized trial of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with orteronel or bicalutamide for mCSPC. CellSearch CTC count was measured at registration (baseline). Prespecified CTC cut-off points of 0, 1-4, and ≥5 were correlated with baseline patient characteristics and, in a stratified subsample, were also correlated with two prespecified trial secondary endpoints: 7-month PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL versus 0.2-4.0 versus >4.0 (intermediate endpoint for overall survival); and progression-free survival (PFS) ≤ versus >2 years.
resultsA total of 523 patients submitted baseline samples, and CTCs were detected (median 3) in 33%. Adjusting for two trial stratification factors (disease burden and timing of ADT initiation), men with undetectable CTCs had nearly nine times the odds of attaining 7-month PSA ≤ 0.2 versus > 4.0 [OR 8.8, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.7-28.6,
conclusionsBaseline CTC count in mCSPC is highly prognostic of 7-month PSA and 2-year PFS after adjusting for disease burden and discriminates men who are likely to experience poor survival outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.