ArticlemBio2021
Evolution in Long-Term Stationary-Phase Batch Culture: Emergence of Divergent Escherichia coli Lineages over 1,200 Days.
Article in mBio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a human case of invasive listeriosis survived more than 25 years in a blood culture bottle.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Rapid evolution in necromass use under resource limitation reduces persistence in producer-decomposer microbial biospheres.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Synergistic interactions between glycogen and trehalose mediate adaptation to the stationary phase inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- A Study on the Stability and Carbohydrate Metabolic Traits of Starter Cultures in Response to Continuous Subculturing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bayesian analysis of longitudinal RB-TnSeq resolves the fitness seascape in fluctuating environments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Environmental stress shapes persistence-like phenotypes and genomic changes inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Biology of host-dependent restriction-modification in prokaryotes.EcoSal Plus · 2025Review
- A role for Dps ferritin activity in long-term survival ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying potential nutrient acquisition mechanisms for long-term survival: adaptive evolution ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Genome and transcriptomic analysis of the adaptation ofComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Review
- Diversity of Transcriptional Regulatory Adaptation in E. coli.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Article
- Evolution of pH-sensitive transcription termination inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Pseudomonas putida Dynamics of Adaptation under Prolonged Resource Exhaustion.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Article
- Escherichia coli adaptation under prolonged resource exhaustion is characterized by extreme parallelism and frequent historical contingency.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Trade-offs, trade-ups, and high mutational parallelism underlie microbial adaptation during extreme cycles of feast and famine.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- RpoS and the bacterial general stress response.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Evolution of pH-sensitive transcription termination during adaptation to repeated long-term starvation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In natural environments, bacteria survive conditions of starvation and stress. Long-term batch cultures are an excellent laboratory system to study adaptation during nutrient stress because cells can incubate for months to years without the addition of nutrients. During long-term batch culture, cells adapt to acquire energy from cellular detritus, creating a complex and dynamic environment for mutants of increased relative fitness to exploit. Here, we analyzed the genomes of 1,117 clones isolated from a single long-term batch culture incubated for 1,200 days. A total of 679 mutations included single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels, mobile genetic element movement, large deletions up to 64 kbp, and amplifications up to ∼500 kbp. During the 3.3-year incubation, two main lineages diverged, evolving continuously. At least twice, a previously fixed mutation reverted back to the wild-type allele, suggesting beneficial mutations may later become maladaptive due to the dynamic environment and changing selective pressures. Most of the mutated genes encode proteins involved in metabolism, transport, or transcriptional regulation. Clones from the two lineages are physiologically distinct, based on outgrowth in fresh medium and competition against the parental strain. Similar population dynamics and mutations in
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