Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33500012›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2021

Socio-economic and racial/ethnic disparities in the nutritional quality of packaged food purchases in the USA, 2008-2018.

Allison M Lacko, Joanna Maselko, Barry Popkin, Shu Wen Ng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Allison M LackoDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Population Center, 123 W Franklin Street, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC27516, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7475-126X
Joanna MaselkoDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2105 E McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC27599, USA.
Barry PopkinDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Population Center, 123 W Franklin Street, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC27516, USA.
Shu Wen NgDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Population Center, 123 W Franklin Street, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC27516, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0582-110X

Funding

POPULATION STUDIEST32HD007168 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ELIZABETH A FRANKENBERG · 1985 to 2026
$13.8M
Carolina Population CenterR24HD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MORGAN, SAMUEL PHILIP · 2005 to 2014
$10.0M
Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD050924NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine whether disparities exist in the nutritional quality of packaged foods and beverage purchases by household income, education and race/ethnicity and if they changed over time.

designWe used Nielsen Homescan, a nationally representative household panel, from 2008 to 2018 (n = 672 821 household-year observations). Multivariate, multilevel regressions were used to model the association between sociodemographic groups and a set of nutritional outcomes of public health interest, including nutrients of concern (sugar, saturated fat and Na) and calories from specific food groups (fruits, non-starchy vegetables, processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages and junk foods).

settingHousehold panel survey.

participantsApproximately 60 000 households each year from the USA.

resultsDisparities were found by income and education for most outcomes and widened for purchases of fruits, vegetables and the percentage of calories from sugar between 2008 and 2018. The magnitude of disparities was largest by education. Disparities between Black and White households include the consumption of processed meats and the percentage of calories from sugar, while no disparities were found between White and Hispanic households. Disparities have been largely persistent, as any significant changes over time have been substantively small.

conclusionsPolicies to improve the healthfulness of packaged foods must be expanded beyond SSB taxes, and future research should focus on what mediates the relationship between education and diet so as not to exacerbate disparities.

Indexed as

EthnicityFamily CharacteristicsBeveragesConsumer BehaviorFoodHumansNutritive ValueUnited StatesDiet disparitiesDiet qualityFood purchasesLow education

Identifiers

PMID33500012
PMCPMC8313635

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.