Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33499864›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2021

Impact of mhealth messages and environmental cues on hand hygiene practice among healthcare workers in the greater Kampala metropolitan area, Uganda: study protocol for a cluster randomized trial.

Richard K Mugambe, Jane Sembuche Mselle, Tonny Ssekamatte, Moses Ntanda, John Bosco Isunju, Solomon T Wafula, Winnifred K Kansiime, Prossy Isubikalu, David Ssemwanga, Habib Yakubu and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 38% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Virtual Infection Prevention and Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022
    Review
  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Richard K MugambeDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. rmugambe@musph.ac.ug.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-5436
Jane Sembuche MsellePrograms Department, WaterAid Uganda, P.O. Box 11759, Kampala, Uganda.
Tonny SsekamatteDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Moses NtandaCollege of Computing and Information Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
John Bosco IsunjuDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Solomon T WafulaDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Winnifred K KansiimeDepartment of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kampala, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Prossy IsubikaluDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Innovations, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
David SsemwangaEnvironmental Health Department, Ministry of Health, P.O Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda.
Habib YakubuThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Christine L MoeThe Center for Global Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Makerere University · UGEmory University · USMinistry of Health · UGNational Water and Sewerage Corporation · UG

Funding

National Academy of Sciences 8-187
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHand hygiene (HH) among healthcare workers (HCWs) is critical for infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare facilities (HCFs). Nonetheless, it remains a challenge in HCFs, largely due to lack of high-impact and efficacious interventions. Environmental cues and mobile phone health messaging (mhealth) have the potential to improve HH compliance among HCWs, however, these remain under-studied. Our study will determine the impact of mhealth hygiene messages and environmental cues on HH practice among HCWs in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA).

methodsThe study is a cluster-randomized trial, which will be guided by the behaviour centred design model and theory for behaviour change. During the formative phase, we shall conduct 30 key informants' interviews and 30 semi-structured interviews to explore the barriers and facilitators to HCWs' HH practice. Besides, observations of HH facilities in 100 HCFs will be conducted. Findings from the formative phase will guide the intervention design during a stakeholders' insight workshop. The intervention will be implemented for a period of 4 months in 30 HCFs, with a sample of 450 HCWs who work in maternity and children's wards. HCFs in the control arm will receive innovatively designed HH facilities and supplies. HCWs in the intervention arm, in addition to the HH facilities and supplies, will receive environmental cues and mhealth messages. The main outcome will be the proportion of utilized HH opportunities out of the 9000 HH opportunities to be observed. The secondary outcome will be E. coli concentration levels in 100mls of hand rinsates from HCWs, an indicator of recent fecal contamination and HH failure. We shall run multivariable logistic regression under the generalized estimating equations (GEE) framework to account for the dependence of HH on the intervention. DISCUSSION: The study will provide critical findings on barriers and facilitators to HH practice among HCWs, and the impact of environmental cues and mhealth messages on HCWs' HH practice.

trial registrationISRCTN Registry with number ISRCTN98148144 . The trial was registered on 23/11/2020.

Indexed as

TelemedicineAttitude of Health PersonnelCuesGuideline AdherenceHand HygieneHealth PersonnelHumansInfection ControlRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicUgandaBehaviour centred designHand hygieneHand hygiene interventionsHealthcare workersUganda

Identifiers

PMID33499864
PMCPMC7835669
OpenAlexW3125265424

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.