ReviewBiomedicines2021
Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter.
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurotransmitter-mediated gut-brain axis: a bibliometric analysis of research trends and knowledge structure.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal Dopamine in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy of probiotic supplements in improving the symptoms of psychosis, anxiety, insomnia, and anorexia due to amphetamine and methamphetamine use: a randomized clinical trial.Psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in Reaction of Catecholamines: Experimental and Computational Approach.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026Article
- Distinct electrophysiology and dopaminergic modulation of medium spiny neurons across divisions of the tail striatum and the dorsolateral striatum.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Zwitterionic Polymer Coating Enabled Chronic Dopamine Sensing and Electrophysiology Recording in Free-Moving Mice.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Review
- Crosstalk Between Gut Microbiota, Epigenome, and Neurotransmitters in Health and Disease.Cells · 2026Review
- Colorimetric Quantification of Dopamine as a Bioactive Compound in Banana Peel Extracts: A Sustainable Approach to Food Waste Valorization.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Bioanalytical HPLC-UV Determination of Dopamine in Plasma and Mouse Brain Homogenate with Greenness, Whiteness, and Blueness Assessment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Neural mechanisms linking Western diet consumption and cognitive impairment: a role for the vagus nerve.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Elucidating Immune Cell Mediated Causal Pathways Linking Blood Metabolites to Major Depressive Disorder: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Prenatal Methyl Nutrient Availability Shapes Mesolimbic Dopaminergic Circuitry and Systemic Inflammation in Wistar Rat Offspring of Both Sexes.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Review
- Electropolymerization of Au nanoparticle incorporated poly(dopamine) thin-films at a micro liquid|liquid interface.Nanoscale advances · 2026Article
- Zwitterionic polymer coating enabled chronic dopamine sensing and electrophysiology recording in free-moving mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Smart Nanomedicines for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Empowering New Therapies with Molecular Imaging and Artificial Intelligence.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Review
- Glial-Dopamine crosstalk: Astrocytic and microglial gatekeepers of neuroinflammation, plasticity, and motivation.AIMS neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neural signaling mechanisms in depression: bridging classical monoamine hypotheses, animal models, and emerging antidepressant strategies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Targeting the Neuro-Immune Axis in Next-Generation Oncology: Discovery and Validation of βOncology research · 2026Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dopamine is derived from an amino acid, phenylalanine, which must be obtained through the diet. Dopamine, known primarily to be a neurotransmitter involved in almost any higher executive action, acts through five types of G-protein-coupled receptors. Dopamine has been studied extensively for its neuronal handling, synaptic actions, and in relation to Parkinson's disease. However, dopamine receptors can be found extra-synaptically and, in addition, they are not only expressed in neurons, but in many types of mammalian cells, inside and outside the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies show a dopamine link between the gut and the CNS; the mechanisms are unknown, but they probably require cells to act as mediators and the involvement of the immune system. In fact, dopamine receptors are expressed in almost any cell of the immune system where dopamine regulates various processes, such as antigen presentation, T-cell activation, and inflammation. This likely immune cell-mediated linkage opens up a new perspective for the use of dopamine-related drugs, i.e., agonist-antagonist-allosteric modulators of dopamine receptors, in a variety of diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.