ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Dimensions of Thermal Inequity: Neighborhood Social Demographics and Urban Heat in the Southwestern U.S.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extreme Heat, Social Factors, and Mortality Among California Veterans With Cardiometabolic Disease.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Ambient and Bedroom Heat in Relation to Sleep Health in a Marginalized Community That Is One of the Hottest in Los Angeles.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Social disparities in extreme heat days across U.S. public schools.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Increased Stillbirth Rates and Exposure to Environmental Risk Factors for Stillbirth in Counties with Higher Social Vulnerability: United States, 2015-2018.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- SchoolHEAT: Racial and Ethnic Inequity in School Temperature.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Racial/ethnic disparities in the distribution of heatwave frequency and expected economic losses in the US.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Satellite data for environmental justice: a scoping review of the literature in the United States.Environmental research letters : ERL [Web site] · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of Neighborhood on Cardiovascular Health: A Contemporary Narrative Review.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
- Methods in Public Health Environmental Justice Research: a Scoping Review from 2018 to 2021.Current environmental health reports · 2023Article
- Envisioning environmental equity: climate change, health, and racial justice.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Review
- Article
- Spatially-optimized urban greening for reduction of population exposure to land surface temperature extremes.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Compound climate-pollution extremes in Santiago de Chile.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Identifying Risk Factors for Hospitalization with Behavioral Health Disorders and Concurrent Temperature-Related Illness in New York State.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Racial/ethnic and neighborhood disparities in metals exposure during pregnancy in the Northeastern United States.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Health effects from heat waves in France: an economic evaluation.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2022Article
- Challenges to Mitigating the Urban Health Burden of Mosquito-Borne Diseases in the Face of Climate Change.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Do social vulnerability indices correlate with extreme heat health outcomes?The journal of climate change and healthArticle
- Racial and ethnic health inequities caused by extreme U.S. weather events: A nationally representative study.The journal of climate change and healthArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to heat is a growing public health concern as climate change accelerates worldwide. Different socioeconomic and racial groups often face unequal exposure to heat as well as increased heat-related sickness, mortality, and energy costs. We provide new insight into thermal inequities by analyzing 20 Southwestern U.S. metropolitan regions at the census block group scale for three temperature scenarios (average summer heat, extreme summer heat, and average summer nighttime heat). We first compared average temperatures for top and bottom decile block groups according to demographic variables. Then we used spatial regression models to investigate the extent to which exposure to heat (measured by land surface temperature) varies according to income and race. Large thermal inequities exist within all the regions studied. On average, the poorest 10% of neighborhoods in an urban region were 2.2 °C (4 °F) hotter than the wealthiest 10% on both extreme heat days and average summer days. The difference was as high as 3.3-3.7 °C (6-7 °F) in California metro areas such as Palm Springs and the Inland Empire. A similar pattern held for Latinx neighborhoods. Temperature disparities at night were much smaller (usually ~1 °F). Disparities for Black neighborhoods were also lower, perhaps because Black populations are small in most of these cities. California urban regions show stronger thermal disparities than those in other Southwestern states, perhaps because inexpensive water has led to more extensive vegetation in affluent neighborhoods. Our findings provide new details about urban thermal inequities and reinforce the need for programs to reduce the disproportionate heat experienced by disadvantaged communities.
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