Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33498323›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Isolation of Textile Waste Cellulose Nanofibrillated Fibre Reinforced in Polylactic Acid-Chitin Biodegradable Composite for Green Packaging Application.

Samsul Rizal, Funmilayo G Olaiya, N I Saharudin, C K Abdullah, Olaiya N G, M K Mohamad Haafiz, Esam Bashir Yahya, F A Sabaruddin, Ikramullah, Abdul Khalil H P S

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Samsul RizalDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
Funmilayo G OlaiyaSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
N I SaharudinSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
C K AbdullahSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-9235-8346
Olaiya N GDepartment of Industrial and Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.740 Akure, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0002-2695-705X
M K Mohamad HaafizSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
Esam Bashir YahyaSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-1599-1754
F A SabaruddinSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-8513-7441
IkramullahDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-9278-2473
Abdul Khalil H P SSchool of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-2403-809X
Universiti Sains Malaysia · MYUniversitas Syiah Kuala · IDFederal University of Technology · NG

Funding

Universiti Sains Malaysia This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education, FRGS-MRSA 203.PTEKIND.6711837
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Textile waste cellulose nanofibrillated fibre has been reported with excellent strength reinforcement ability in other biopolymers. In this research cellulose nanofibrilated fibre (CNF) was isolated from the textile waste cotton fabrics with combined supercritical carbon dioxide and high-pressure homogenisation. The isolated CNF was used to enhance the polylactic acid/chitin (PLA/chitin) properties. The properties enhancement effect of the CNF was studied by characterising the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite for improved mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The tensile properties, impact strength, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite wettability were studied. The result showed that the tensile strength, elongation, tensile modulus, and impact strength improved significantly with chitin and CNF compared with the neat PLA. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) morphological images showed uniform distribution and dispersion of the three polymers in each other, which corroborate the improvement in mechanical properties. The biocomposite's water absorption increased more than the neat PLA, and the contact angle was reduced. The results of the ternary blend compared with PLA/chitin binary blend showed significant enhancement with CNF. This showed that the three polymers' combination resulted in a better material property than the binary blend.

Indexed as

biopolymerscellulose nanofibreenvironmentalgreen materialstextile waste

Identifiers

PMID33498323
PMCPMC7864045
OpenAlexW3125802974

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.