ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Expanding access to methadone treatment in Ohio through federally qualified health centers and a chain pharmacy: A geospatial modeling analysis.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Barriers and facilitators to methadone dispensing for opioid use disorder in community pharmacies: A scoping review.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Review
- Travel Time to Methadone Treatment Via Personal Vehicle vs Public Transit.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Spatial accessibility of substance use disorder treatment programs, compared with other health care facilities, in New York State, 2024.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- The impact of buprenorphine prescriber data on geospatial access to treatment in HEALing Communities Study communities, 2022.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Research on the supply-demand balance evaluation and driving mechanism of community public service facilities.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- The use of geographic information systems (GIS) in studying mental health service delivery: A scoping review.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Spatial inequities in access to medications for treatment of opioid use disorder highlight scarcity of methadone providers under counterfactual scenarios.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Accessibility of Opioid Treatment Programs Based on Conventional vs Perceived Travel Time Measures.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Spatial inequities in access to medications for treatment of opioid use disorder highlight scarcity of methadone providers under counterfactual scenarios.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Methadone Treatment Gap in Tennessee and How Medication Units Could Bridge the Gap: A Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Multidimensional assessment of access to medications for opioid use disorder across urban and rural communities: A scoping review.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Identifying unique barriers to implementing rural emergency department-based peer services for opioid use disorder through qualitative comparison with urban sites.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
- Availability of medical cannabis services by racial, social, and geographic characteristics of neighborhoods in New York: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Assessment of Community-Level Vulnerability and Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Population-based estimates of geographic accessibility of medication for opioid use disorder by substance use disorder treatment facilities from 2014 to 2020.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Methadone Access for Opioid Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Within the United States and Canada.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Federally Qualified Health Centers Can Expand Rural Access to Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder in Arizona.Health services insights · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, methadone provision for opioid use disorder (OUD) occurs at opioid treatment programs (OTPs). Ohio recently enacted a policy to expand methadone administration to Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC). We compared how the provision of methadone at current OTPs or the proposed expansion to FQHCs and pharmacies meets the urban and rural need for OUD treatment.
methodsCross-sectional geospatial analysis of zip codes within Ohio with at least one 2017 opioid overdose death stratified by Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes. Our primary outcome was the proportion of need by zip code (using opioid overdose deaths as a proxy for need) within a 15- or 30- minute drive time of an OTP.
resultsAmong 581 zip codes, sixty four percent of treatment need was within a 15-minute drive time and 81 %, within a 30-minute drive time. The proportion of need within a 15-minute drive decreased with increasing rural classification (urban 78 %, suburban 20 %, large rural 9%, and small rural 1%;p<.001). The portion of need within a 15-minute drive time increased with the addition of FQHCs (96 %) and the addition of chain pharmacies (99 %) relative to OTPs alone among all zip codes and for all urban-rural strata (p<.001).
conclusionOver one-third of OUD treatment need was not covered by existing OTPs and coverage decreased with rural classification of zip codes. Most of the gap between supply and need could be mitigated with FQHC methadone provision, which would expand both urban and rural access.
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