ArticleJCI insight2021
Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction.
Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of Antioxidant Mixture Prevents Cutaneous "Oxinflammaging" in Subjects Exposed to Particulate Matter.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Trial
- Mitigating PM2.5-induced skin injury and aging: botanical strategies targeting redox and inflammatory pathways.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2026Review
- Buccal cells as a non-invasive model for filaggrin protein expression and degradation in patients with atopic dermatitis.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of citrus pomace yields dietary fiber-rich extract with skin-protective effects.Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026Article
- From Barrier Disruption and Immune Dysregulation to Targeted Therapies in Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Particulate Matter-Induced Skin Injury: A Dual-Pathway AhR-Nrf2 Framework for Epidermal Homeostasis and Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cold atmospheric plasma ameliorating skin barrier in chronic kidney disease.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- Particulate matter concentration is associated with increased utilization of the emergency department: a single-centre time-series analysis.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- From Dysbiosis to Inflammation: Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Stress in Atopic Dermatitis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pollution-Induced Allergy Skews Metabolism Toward Obesity-A Conceptual Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Toward new clinical evaluation models for skin longevity: the need for predictive and accelerated approaches.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Skin Protection Effects of Lactobacillus paragasseri HN910 Lysate and the Role of Alanine.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Adverse Effects of Airborne Heavy Metals on Human Skin Cells: Insights From Sebum Analysis of Indoor and Outdoor Workers.Journal of toxicology · 2026Article
- Exposome involvement in the development of acne vulgaris.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Low Humidity Alters Epidermal Gene Expression in vivo.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Particulate matter exposure induces maternal scalp hair loss after birth in C57/B6 mouse via alteration of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
- Global research trends on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in atopic dermatitis: a bibliometric and visualized analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Integrative transcriptomic analysis identifies CCL22-associated immune signatures in air pollution-related atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Trends and projections of dermatitis burden (1990-2040): a 2021 global burden of disease analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that underlie the detrimental effects of particulate matter (PM) on skin barrier function are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of PM2.5 on filaggrin (FLG) and skin barrier function were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The levels of FLG degradation products, including pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, urocanic acid (UCA), and cis/trans-UCA, were significantly decreased in skin tape stripping samples of study subjects when they moved from Denver, an area with low PM2.5, to Seoul, an area with high PM2.5 count. Experimentally, PM2.5 collected in Seoul inhibited FLG, loricrin, keratin-1, desmocollin-1, and corneodesmosin but did not modulate involucrin or claudin-1 in keratinocyte cultures. Moreover, FLG protein expression was inhibited in human skin equivalents and murine skin treated with PM2.5. We demonstrate that this process was mediated by PM2.5-induced TNF-α and was aryl hydrocarbon receptor dependent. PM2.5 exposure compromised skin barrier function, resulting in increased transepidermal water loss, and enhanced the penetration of FITC-dextran in organotypic and mouse skin. PM2.5-induced TNF-α caused FLG deficiency in the skin and subsequently induced skin barrier dysfunction. Compromised skin barrier due to PM2.5 exposure may contribute to the development and the exacerbation of allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.